Khaello ea Ntlha ea X

Ho haella ha factor X (leshome) ke bothata bo bakoang ke khaello ea protheine e bitsoang factor X maling. E lebisa mathateng ka ho hoama ha mali (coagulation).

Ha o tsoa mali, letoto la liketso li etsahala 'meleng o thusang ho hlama ha mali. Ts'ebetso ena e bitsoa coagulation cascade. E kenyelletsa liprotheine tse khethehileng tse bitsoang ho koala kapa ho koala. U ka ba le monyetla o moholo oa ho tsoa mali a mangata haeba e le 'ngoe kapa tse ling tsa lintlha tsena li le sieo kapa li sa sebetse joalo ka ha li lokela.

Factor X ke e 'ngoe ea li-coagulation factor. Ho haella ha factor X hangata ho bakoa ke bofokoli bo futsitsoeng lefung la X. Hona ho bitsoa bofokoli ba factor X bo futsitsoeng. Ho tsoa mali ho tloha bobeng ho ea ho matla ho latela hore na khaello e matla hakae.

Ho haella ha factor X le hona ho ka bakoa ke boemo bo bong kapa ts'ebeliso ea meriana e itseng. Sena se bitsoa khaello ea factor X e fumanoeng. Ho na le khaello ea factor X e fumanehang hangata. E ka bakoa ke:

• Ho haella ha vithamine K (masea a mang a tsoaloang a na le khaello ea vithamine K)
• Li-protein tse ngata tse sa tloaelehang ka har'a lisele le litho (amyloidosis)
• Lefu le matla la sebete
• Ts'ebeliso ea meriana e thibelang ho hoama (li-anticoagulants tse kang warfarin)

Basali ba nang le khaello ea factor X ba ka fumanoa pele ha ba tsoa mali le boima bo boholo ba ho ilela khoeli le ho tsoa mali kamora ho beleha. Boemo bo kanna ba hlokomeloa pele ho bashanyana ba sa tsoa tsoaloa haeba ba tsoa mali a tšoarellang nako e teletsana ho feta e tloaelehileng kamora lebollo.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Ho tsoa madi manonyellong
• Ho tsoa madi ka hara mesifa
• Ho rohakana habonolo
• Ho tsoa mali haholo khoeling
• Kamina ea mucus e tsoa mali
• Madi a nkoang madi a sa emeng habonolo
• Mokokotlo o tsoa mali kamora ho hlaha

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Ntlha ea X tlhahlobo
• Nako ea karoloana ea thromboplastin (PTT)
• Nako ea Prothrombin (PT)

Ts'ollo ea mali e ka laoloa ka ho fumana tšoaetso ea mali (IV) ea mali kapa ho kopanya lintho tse hoamisang mali. Haeba u haelloa ke vithamine K, ngaka ea hau e tla u fa vithamine K hore u e nke ka molomo, ka liente tse tlas'a letlalo, kapa ka methapo (ka methapo).

Haeba u na le bothata bona ba ho tsoa mali, etsa bonnete ba ho:

• Bolella bafani ba hao ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u etsa mokhoa oa mofuta o fe kapa o fe, ho kenyeletsoa le ho buuoa le mosebetsi oa meno.
• Bolella litho tsa lelapa la hau hobane ba kanna ba ba le bothata bo tšoanang empa ha ba tsebe hona joale.

Lisebelisoa tsena li ka fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka khaello ea factor X:

• Setsi sa Naha sa Haemophilia: Mefokolo e Meng ea Lintlha - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficience
• Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Mathata a Rare --rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/factor-x-deficiency
• Referense ea Lehae la NIH Genetics - ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/factor-x-deficiency

Phello e ntle haeba boemo bo le bobebe kapa u fumana kalafo.

Ho haella ha factor X ke boemo ba bophelo bohle.

Ponahalo ea khaello ea factor X e fumanoeng e ipapisitse le sesosa. Haeba e bakoa ke lefu la sebete, sephetho se latela hore na lefu la sebete sa hau le ka phekoloa joang. Ho noa li-supplement tsa vithamine K ho tla sebetsana le khaello ea vithamine K. Haeba bothata bo bakoa ke amyloidosis, ho na le likhetho tse 'maloa tsa kalafo. Ngaka ea hau e ka u joetsa haholoanyane.

Ho tsoa mali a mangata kapa tahlehelo ea mali ka tšohanyetso (hemorrhage) e ka hlaha. Manonyeletso a ka holofala ke mafu a matla a tsoang maling a mangata.

Fumana thuso ea bongaka ea tšohanyetso haeba u na le tahlehelo e sa hlaloseheng kapa e matla ea mali.

Ha ho na thibelo e tsebahalang ea khaello ea factor X e futsitsoeng. Ha khaello ea vithamine K e le sesosa, ho sebelisa vithamine K ho ka thusa.

Khaello ea Stuart-Prower

• Ho thehoa ha mali
• Ho koala mali

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Mathata a sa tloaelehang a li-coagulation. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 137.

Holo ea JE. Hemostasis le coagulation ea mali. Ka: Holo ea JE, ed. Buka ea Guyton le Hall ea Physiology ea Bongaka. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 37.

Ragni MV. Mathata a hemorrhagic: ho haelloa ke lebaka la coagulation. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 174.