Edema ea pulmonary

Edema ea pulmonary ke mokelikeli o sa tloaelehang oa mokelikeli matšoafong. Mokelikeli ona o mongata o lebisa phefumolohong e khuts'oane.

Hangata edema ea pulmonary e bakoa ke ho sithabela ha pelo. Ha pelo e sa khone ho pompa hantle, mali a ka khutlela methapong e tsamaisang mali ka matšoafong.

Ha khatello ea methapo ena ea mali e eketseha, mokelikeli o sutumelloa libakeng tsa moea (alveoli) matšoafong. Maro ana a fokotsa motsamao o tloaelehileng oa oksijene ka matšoafo. Lintho tsena tse peli lia kopana ho baka phefumoloho e khuts'oane.

Ho hloleha ha pelo ha pelo ho lebisang ho edema ea pulmonary ho ka bakoa ke:

• Ho hlaseloa ke pelo, kapa lefu leha e le lefe la pelo le fokolisang kapa le thatafatsa mesifa ea pelo (cardiomyopathy)
• Li-valve tsa pelo tse tsoang kapa tse fokolang (mitral kapa aortic valves)
• Ka tšohanyetso, khatello e phahameng ea mali (hypertension)

Edema ea pulmonary le eona e ka bakoa ke:

• Meriana e itseng
• Ponahalo e phahameng ea bophahamo
• Ho hloleha ha liphio
• Methapo e mesesaane e tlisang mali liphio
• Tšenyo ea matšoafo e bakoang ke khase e chefo kapa tšoaetso e matla
• Kotsi e kholo

Matšoao a edema ea pulmonary a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho kgohlola madi kapa leqhubu le madi
• Ho phefumoloha ho thata ha u robetse (orthopnea)
• Ho ikutloa "tlala ea moea" kapa "ho khangoa ke metsi" (Boikutlo bona bo bitsoa "paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea" haeba e etsa hore o tsohe lihora tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2 kamora ho robala mme o sokola ho hema.)
• Ho honotha, ho honotha, kapa ho luma melumo ka ho phefumoloha
• Mathata ho bua ka lipolelo tse felletseng ka lebaka la phefumoloho e khuts'oane

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

• Ho tšoenyeha kapa ho se phomole
• Fokotseha boemong ba ho falimeha
• Ho ruruha ha leoto kapa mpa
• Letlalo le putswa
• Ho fufuleloa (ka tsela e feteletseng)

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo e phethahetseng ea 'mele.

Mofani oa thepa o tla mamela matšoafo le pelo ea hau ka stethoscope ho lekola:

• Pelo e sa tloaelehang e utloahala
• Crackles matšoafong a hau, a bitsoang rales
• Ho eketseha ha pelo (tachycardia)
• Ho hema ka potlako (tachypnea)

Lintho tse ling tse ka bonoang nakong ea tlhahlobo li kenyelletsa:

• Ho ruruha ha leoto kapa mpa
• Lintho tse sa tloaelehang tsa methapo ea hau ea molala (e ka bontšang hore ho na le metsi a mangata haholo 'meleng oa hau)
• 'Mala oa letlalo kapa o moputsoa (pallor kapa cyanosis)

Liteko tse ka bang teng li kenyelletsa:

• Lik'hemik'hale tsa mali
• Maemo a oksijene ea mali (oximetry kapa likhase tsa mali tse mali)
• X-ray sefubeng
• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Echocardiogram (ultrasound ea pelo) ho bona hore na ho na le mathata ka mosifa oa pelo
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) ho batla matšoao a lefu la pelo kapa mathata a morethetho oa pelo

Hangata edema ea pulmonary e phekoloa ka phapusing ea maemo a tšohanyetso kapa sepetlele. U kanna ua hloka ho ba setsing sa tlhokomelo ea bakuli ba kulang haholo (ICU).

• Oxyjene e fanoa ka mask oa sefahleho kapa li-tubes tse nyane tsa polasetiki li behiloe ka nko.
• Phala ea ho hema e ka beoa ka hara sefefo (trachea) hore o tle o hokahane le mochini o phefumolohang (ventilator) haeba o sa khone ho hema hantle u le mong.

Sesosa sa edema se lokela ho tsejoa le ho phekoloa kapele. Mohlala, haeba lefu la pelo le bakile boemo boo, bo tlameha ho phekoloa hang hang.

Meriana e ka sebelisoang e kenyelletsa:

• Diuretics e tlosang mokelikeli o feteletseng 'meleng
• Meriana e matlafatsang mesifa ea pelo, e laolang ho otla ha pelo, kapa e kokobetsang khatello pelong
• Meriana e meng ha pelo e hloleha ha se sesosa sa edema ea pulmonary

Ponahalo e latela sesosa. Boemo bo ka fola kapele kapa butle. Batho ba bang ba kanna ba hloka ho sebelisa mochini o phefumolohang nako e telele. Haeba e sa phekoloe, boemo bona bo ka beha bophelo kotsing.

E-ea kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso kapa letsetsa 911 kapa nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae haeba u na le mathata a ho hema.

Nka meriana eohle ea hau kamoo u laetsoeng kateng haeba u na le lefu le ka lebisang ho edema ea pulmonary kapa mesifa ea pelo e fokolang.

Ho latela lijo tse nepahetseng tse nang le letsoai le mafura a mangata, 'me ho laola lisosa tse ling tsa kotsi ho ka fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le boemo bona.

Pherekano ea matšoafo; Lung metsi; Tšubuhlellano ea pulmonary; Ho hloleha ha pelo - edema ea pulmonary

• Matšoafo
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho

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Matthay MA, Murray JF. Edema ea pulmonary. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 62.

Rogers JG, O'Connor CM. Ho hloleha ha pelo: pathophysiology le tlhahlobo ea mafu. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 52.