Thibelo ea tsela e kaholimo ea moea

Thibelo ea tsela e kaholimo ea moea e hlaha ha likarolo tse holimo tsa ho hema li fokotseha kapa li koaleha, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho hema. Libaka tse tseleng e kaholimo ea moea tse ka amehang ke sefefo sa moea (trachea), lebokose la lentsoe (larynx), kapa 'metso (pharynx).

Tsela ea moea e ka fokotsoa kapa ea koaloa ka lebaka la lisosa tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa:

• Liketso tse fokolang tseo trachea kapa 'metso o ruruhang li koetsoeng ho tsona, ho kenyelletsa le ho itšoara ka tsela e fokolang ho linotsi, linate, lithibela-mafu (tse kang penicillin) le meriana ea khatello ea mali (e kang ACE inhibitors)
• Ho chesa ha lik'hemik'hale le liphetoho
• Epiglottitis (tšoaetso ea sebopeho se arolang trachea ho 'metso)
• Mollo kapa ho chesa ke ho hema mosi
• Mekhatlo ea kantle ho naha, joalo ka linate le lijo tse ling tse phefumolohang, likotoana tsa balune, likonopo, lichelete tsa tšepe le lintho tsa ho bapala tse nyane
• Matšoao a sebaka se phahameng sa moea
• Kotsi sebakeng se kaholimo sa moea
• Peritonsillar abscess (pokello ea lintho tse tšoaelitsoeng haufi le lithane)
• Chefo e tsoang linthong tse ling, joalo ka strychnine
• Retropharyngeal abscess (pokello ea lintho tse tšoaelitsoeng ka morao tseleng ea moea)
• Tlhaselo e matla ea asthma
• Kankere ea 'metso
• Tracheomalacia (bofokoli ba lefufuru le tšehetsang trachea)
• Mathata a lithapo tsa lentsoe
• Ho hlokahala kapa ho akheha

Batho ba kotsing e kholo ea tšitiso ea lifofane ba kenyelletsa ba nang le:

• Mathata a Neurologic joalo ka ho metsa bothata kamora ho ts'oaroa ke lefu
• Meno a lahlehileng
• Mathata a itseng a bophelo bo botle ba kelello

Bana ba banyenyane le batho ba baholo le bona ba kotsing e kholo ea tšitiso ea sefofane.

Matšoao a fapana, ho latela sesosa. Empa matšoao a mang a tloaelehile mefuteng eohle ea thibelo ea sefofane. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Ho tsitsinyeha kapa ho tsitsinyeha
• Mmala o moputsoa ho letlalo (cyanosis)
• Liphetoho tsebong
• Ho bipetsa
• Pherekano
• Ho thatafalloa ke ho hema, ho hemela moea, ho lebisa ho tšoha
• Ho akheha
• Ho lla, ho lla, ho letsetsa mololi, kapa melumo e meng e sa tloaelehang ea ho hema e bontšang bothata ba ho hema

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele le ho hlahloba tsela ea moea. Mofani oa thepa o tla botsa ka lebaka le ka bang lebaka la ho koala.

Hangata liteko ha li hlokahale, empa li ka kenyelletsa:

• Bronchoscopy (tube e kenang molomong ka har'a trachea le methapo ea bronchial)
• Laryngoscopy (tube ka molomo ho ea ka morao ho 'metso le lebokose la lentsoe)
• Li-X-ray

Kalafo e ipapisitse le sesosa sa thibelo.

• Lintho tse khomaretsoeng moeeng li ka tlosoa ka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng.
• Phala e ka kenngoa tseleng ea moea (endotracheal tube) ho thusa ka ho hema.
• Ka nako e 'ngoe ho buloa molala tseleng ea moea (tracheostomy kapa cricothyrotomy).

Haeba tšitiso e bakoa ke 'mele o kantle ho naha, joalo ka sengoathoana sa lijo se phefumolohileng, ho hula ka mpeng kapa ho hatella sefubeng ho ka pholosa bophelo ba motho.

Kalafo e potlakileng hangata e atleha. Empa boemo bona bo kotsi ebile bo ka bolaea, leha bo ka alafshoa.

Haeba tšitiso e sa lokolloe, e ka baka:

• Tšenyo ea boko
• Ho hloleha ho hema
• Lefu

Tšitiso ea sefofane hangata ke boemo ba tšohanyetso. Letsetsa 911 kapa nomoro ea lehae ea tšohanyetso bakeng sa thuso ea bongaka. Latela litaelo tsa hore na u ka thusa motho joang ho phefumoloha ho fihlela thuso e fihla.

Thibelo e ipapisitse le sesosa sa tšitiso e kaholimo ea moea.

Mekhoa e latelang e ka thusa ho thibela tšitiso:

• Ja butle 'me u hlafune lijo ka botlalo.
• U se ke ua noa joala haholo pele u ja kapa ha u ja.
• Boloka lintho tse nyane hole le bana ba banyane.
• Etsa bonnete ba hore meno a maiketsetso a lekana hantle.

Ithute ho amohela letšoao la bokahohleng la ho se khone ho hema ka lebaka la tsela e thibetsoeng ea moea: ho ts'oara molala ka letsoho le le leng kapa ka bobeli. Hape ithute ho hlakola 'mele osele tseleng ea moea u sebelisa mokhoa o kang oa ho phunya mpa.

Tšitiso ea sefofane - holimo holimo

• Anatomy ea 'metso
• Ho bipetsa
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho

Mokhanni BE, Reardon RF. Tsamaiso ea mantlha ea boema-fofane le ho nka liqeto. Ka: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, li-eds. Mekhoa ea Tleliniking ea Roberts le Hedges ho Meriana ea Tšohanyetso le Tlhokomelo e Ntle. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 3.

Likotsi tsa phefumoloho ea Rose E. Pediatric: tšitiso e kaholimo ea moea le tšoaetso. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 167.

Thomas SH, Goodloe JM. Mekhatlo ea kantle ho naha. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 53.