COPD - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele

Meriana ea liphallelo e potlakileng bakeng sa lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary pulmonary (COPD) e sebetsa kapele ho u thusa ho hema hamolemo. U li nka ha u khohlela, u hemesela, kapa u na le bothata ba ho hema, joalo ka nakong ea bohale. Ka lebaka lena, ba boetse ba bitsoa lithethefatsi tsa pholoso.

Lebitso la bongaka la lithethefatsi tsena ke li-bronchodilators, ho bolelang meriana e bulang moea (bronchi). Li khatholla mesifa ea meea ea hau ea moea le ho e bula bakeng sa ho hema habonolo. Uena le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba hau le ka etsa moralo oa lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele tse u sebeletsang. Moralo ona o tla kenyelletsa hore na o lokela ho noa meriana ea hau neng le hore na o noe bokae.

Latela litaelo tsa hore na u ka sebelisa meriana ea hau ka tsela e nepahetseng joang.

Etsa bonnete ba hore o tlatsa meriana ea hau pele o fela.

Li-beta-agonists tse thusang ka potlako li u thusa ho hema hamonate ka ho phomotsa mesifa ea moea oa hau. Li nka nako e khutšoane, ho bolelang hore li lula tsamaisong ea hau nako e khuts'oane feela.

Batho ba bang ba li nka nakoana pele ba ikoetlisa. Botsa mofani oa hau hore na u lokela ho etsa sena.

Haeba o hloka ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tsena makhetlo a fetang a mararo ka beke, kapa haeba o sebelisa li-canister tse fetang e le 'ngoe ka khoeli, mohlomong COPD ea hau ha e laoloe. U lokela ho letsetsa mofani oa thepa ea hau.

Li-beta-agonists tsa liphallelo tse potlakileng li kenyelletsa:

• Albuterol (ProAir HFA; Proventil HFA; Ventolin HFA)
• Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA)
• Albuterol le ipratropium (Combivent)

Boholo ba nako, meriana ena e sebelisoa e le metered dose inhalers (MDI) e nang le spacer. Ka linako tse ling, haholo-holo haeba u na le li-flare-up, li sebelisoa ka nebulizer.

Litla-morao li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho tšoenyeha.
• Ho thothomela.
• Ho se phomole.
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho.
• Ho otla ha pelo kapele kapa ka tsela e sa tloaelehang. Bitsa mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u na le litla-morao tsena.

E meng ea meriana ena le eona e teng lipilisi, empa litla-morao li bohlokoa haholo, ka hona ha li sebelisoe hangata joalo.

Oral steroids (eo hape e bitsoang corticosteroids) ke meriana eo u e noang ka molomo, joalo ka lipilisi, li-capsules kapa maro. Ha se meriana ea liphallelo kapele, empa hangata e fuoa matsatsi a 7 ho isa ho a 14 ha matšoao a hau a hlaha. Ka linako tse ling u ka tlameha ho li nka nako e teletsana.

Li-steroids tsa molomo li kenyelletsa:

• Methylprednisolone
• Prednisone
• Prednisolone

COPD - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; Lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary - laola lithethefatsi; Mafu a sa foleng a thibelang moea - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; Lefu le sa foleng la matšoafo - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; Bronchitis e sa foleng - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; Emphysema - lithethefatsi tsa liphallelo kapele; Bronchitis - e sa foleng - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; Ho hloleha ho sa foleng - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; Bronchodilators - COPD - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele; COPD - beta agonist inhaler e sebetsang nakoana

Anderson B, Brown H, Bruhl E, le al. Institute for Clinical Systems Ntlafatso webosaeteng. Tataiso ea Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo: Tlhahlobo le Tsamaiso ea Maloetse a sa Foleng a Thibelang Mafu (COPD). Khatiso ea 10. www.icsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/COPD.pdf. E ntlafalitsoe ka Pherekhong 2016. E fihlile ka la 23 Pherekhong 2020.

Global Initiative bakeng sa sebaka sa marang-rang se thibelang mafu a sa foleng (GOLD). Morero oa lefats'e bakeng sa ho hlahloba, ho laola le ho thibela mafu a sa foleng a thibelang pulmonary: tlaleho ea 2020 goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/GOLD-2020-FINAL-ver1.2-03Dec19_WMV.pdf. E fihliloe ka la 22 Pherekhong 2020.

Han MK, Lazaro SC. COPD: Tlhatlhobo ea bongaka le tsamaiso. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 44.

Mohlokomeli DG, Sampson AP. Sefuba le lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary. Ka: Waller DG, Sampson AP, eds. Medical Pharmacology le Therapeutics. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 12.

• Lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary (COPD)
• Boloetse ba sefuba

• Lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary - batho ba baholo - ho tsoa
• COPD - seo u lokelang ho se botsa ngaka ea hau
• Ho ja likhalori tse eketsehileng ha u kula - batho ba baholo
• Mokhoa oa ho hema ha o haelloa ke moea
• Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa inhaler - ha ho spacer
• Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa inhaler - ka spacer
• Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa metara ea phallo ea tlhoro
• Polokeho ea oksijene
• Ho tsamaea ka mathata a ho hema
• Ho sebelisa oksijene lapeng
• Ho sebelisa oksijene lapeng - seo u lokelang ho se botsa ngaka ea hau

• COPD