Phekolo ea pelo ea bana - ho tsoa

Ngoana oa hau o ile a etsoa opereishene ho lokisa bofokoli ba pelo. Haeba ngoana oa hau a ile a etsoa opereishene ea pelo e bulehileng, o ile a khaoloa ka lesapo la sefuba kapa ka lehlakoreng la sefuba. Ngoana le eena a kanna a beoa mochineng o fetang pelo le matšoafo nakong ea ts'ebetso.

Ka mor'a ho buuoa, mohlomong ngoana oa hau o ne a le ka lefapheng la tlhokomelo e matla (ICU) ebe o lula karolong e 'ngoe ea sepetlele.

Ngoana oa hau o tla hloka bonyane libeke tse 3 kapa tse 4 hae hore a fole. Bakeng sa liopereishene tse kholoanyane, ho hlaphoheloa ho ka nka libeke tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba ngoana oa hau mabapi le hore na ngoana oa hau a ka khutlela sekolong neng, tlhokomelo ea mots'eare kapa a nka karolo lipapaling.

Bohloko ka mor'a ho buuoa bo tloaelehile. Ho ka ba le bohloko bo boholo kamora ho etsa opereishene ea pelo e koetsoeng ho feta kamora 'opereishene ea pelo e bulehileng. Lebaka ke hobane methapo ea kutlo e kanna eaba e ne e halefisitsoe kapa e sehiloe. Bohloko bo kanna ba fokotseha kamora letsatsi la bobeli mme ka linako tse ling bo ka laoloa ka acetaminophen (Tylenol).

Bana ba bangata ba itšoara ka tsela e fapaneng kamora ho buuoa ke pelo. Ba ka 'na ba khomarela, ba teneha habonolo, ba kolobisa bethe kapa ba lla. Ba kanna ba etsa lintho tsena leha ba ne ba sa li etse pele ba etsoa opereishene. Tšehetsa ngoana oa hau nakong ena. Butle-butle qala ho beha meeli e neng e le teng pele ho ts'ebetso.

Bakeng sa lesea, thibela ngoana ho lla nako e telele haholo libekeng tse 3 ho isa ho tse 4 tsa pele. U ka khutsisa ngoana oa hau ka ho lula u khobile matšoafo. Ha u phahamisa ngoana oa hau, tšehetsa hlooho le botlaaseng ba ngoana libekeng tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6 tsa pele.

Bacha le bana ba baholo hangata ba emisa ketsahalo efe kapa efe haeba ba ka khathala.

Mofani oa thepa o tla u joetsa ha ho lokile hore ngoana oa hau a khutlele sekolong kapa tlhokomelong ea bana.

• Hangata, libeke tse 'maloa tsa pele ka mor'a ho buuoa e lokela ho ba nako ea ho phomola.
• Kamora ketelo ea pele ea ho latela, mofani oa thepa o tla u joetsa seo ngoana oa hau a ka se etsang.

Bakeng sa libeke tse 4 tsa pele ka mor'a ho buuoa, ngoana oa hau ha aa lokela ho etsa ntho efe kapa efe e ka etsang hore a oe kapa a otloe sefubeng. Ngoana oa hau o boetse o lokela ho qoba ho palama baesekele kapa ho skateboard, ho thellisa, ho sesa le lipapali tsohle tsa puisano ho fihlela mofani oa thepa a re ho lokile.

Bana ba kentsoeng lesapo la matsoele ba lokela ho ba hlokolosi ka moo ba sebelisang matsoho le 'mele ea bona e holimo libekeng tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8 tsa pele.

• Se ke oa hula kapa oa phahamisa ngoana ka matsoho kapa sebakeng sa bona sa sephaka. Qoqa ngoana ho fapana.
• Thibela ngoana oa hau ho etsa lintho tse kenyelletsang ho hula kapa ho sututsa ka matsoho.
• Leka ho thibela ngoana oa hau ho phahamisa matsoho ka holim'a hlooho.
• Ngoana oa hau ha aa lokela ho phahamisa ntho efe kapa efe e boima ho feta lik'hilograma tse 2.

Ela hloko lijo tsa ngoana oa hau ho etsa bonnete ba hore o fumana likhalori tse lekaneng ho folisa le ho hola.

Kamora 'opereishene ea pelo, masea le masea a mangata (a ka tlase ho likhoeli tse 12 ho isa ho tse 15) a ka nka lebese le phofo la lebese ka bongata kamoo a batlang. Maemong a mang, mofani oa litšebeletso a ka batla hore ngoana oa hau a qobe ho noa lebese le feteletseng kapa lebese la matsoele. Fokotsa nako ea ho fepa ho fihlela metsotso e 30. Mofani oa ngoana oa hau o tla u joetsa mokhoa oa ho eketsa likhalori tse eketsehileng foromong haeba ho hlokahala.

Bacha le bana ba baholo ba lokela ho fuoa phepo e nepahetseng khafetsa. Mofani oa thepa o tla u joetsa mokhoa oa ho ntlafatsa lijo tsa ngoana kamora ho buuoa.

Botsa mofani oa ngoana oa hau haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le phepo ea ngoana oa hau.

Mofani oa hau o tla u rupela hore na u ka hlokomela litšitiso joang. Sheba leqeba la matšoao a tšoaetso, joalo ka bofubelu, ho ruruha, bonolo, mofuthu kapa drainage.

Ngoana oa hau o lokela ho hlapa feela kapa sesepa sa seponche ho fihlela mofani oa hau a bua se fapaneng. Steri-Strips ha ea lokela ho ineloa ka metsing. Ba tla qala ho eboloa kamora beke ea pele. Ho lokile ho li tlosa ha li qala ho eboloa.

Hafeela lebali le shebahala le le pinki, etsa bonnete ba hore le koahetsoe ke liaparo kapa bandage ha ngoana oa hau a le letsatsing.

Botsa mofani oa ngoana oa hau pele u fumana liente tsa likhoeli tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 kamora ho buuoa. Kamora moo, ngoana oa hau o lokela ho tšoaroa ke ntaramane selemo se seng le se seng.

Bana ba bangata ba ileng ba etsoa opereishene ea pelo ba tlameha ho noa lithibela-mafu pele ho nako le ka linako tse ling, ho ba le mosebetsi oa meno. Etsa bonnete ba hore u na le litaelo tse hlakileng tse tsoang ho mofani oa pelo ea ngoana oa hau mabapi le hore na ngoana oa hau o hloka lithibela-mafu neng. Ho ntse ho le bohlokoa haholo ho hloekisa meno a ngoana oa hau khafetsa.

Ngoana oa hau a ka hloka ho noa moriana ha a romelloa hae. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa diuretics (lipilisi tsa metsi) le meriana e meng ea pelo. Etsa bonnete ba hore o fa ngoana oa hau litekanyo tse nepahetseng. Latela mofani oa hau libeke tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2 kamora hore ngoana a tlohe sepetlele kapa kamoo a laetsoeng kateng.

Bitsa mofani haeba ngoana oa hau a na le:

• Feberu, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, kapa ho hlatsa
• Bohloko ba sefuba, kapa bohloko bo bong
• Bofubelu, ho ruruha kapa ho tsoa metsi leqebeng
• Ho phefumoloha ho thata kapa phefumoloho e khuts'oane
• Mahlo kapa sefahleho se ikhohomosang
• Ho kgathala nako tsohle
• Letlalo le boputswa kapa bohlooho
• Ho tsekela, ho akheha kapa ho otloa ke pelo
• Mathata a ho fepa kapa ho fokotsa takatso ea lijo

Ho buuoa ka pelo ea Congenital - ho tsoa; Patent ductus arteriosus ligation - ho ntša metsi; Hypoplastic ka letsohong le letšehali lokisa - lero; Tetralogy ea tokiso ea bohata - ho ntša; Coarctation ea aorta ho lokisa - ho tebelwa mosebetsing; Ho buuoa ka pelo bakeng sa bana - ho tsoa; Ho lokisoa ha sekoli sa Atrial - ho ntša metsi; Ventricular septal sekoli lokisa - lero; Truncus arteriosus lokisa - tjhajoloha; Ho lokisa ka botlalo methapo ea methapo - ho tsoa; Ho fetisoa ha likepe tse kholo - ho ntša metsi; Tricuspid atresia tokiso - ho tebela; Ho lokisa VSD - ho ntša metsi; ASD lokisa - tjhajoloha; PDA ligation - ho tebela; Lefu la pelo le fumanoeng - ho tsoa; Ho buuoa ka valve ea pelo - bana - ho tsoa; Ho buuoa ka pelo - kokelo ea bana - ho tebela; Phetiso ea pelo - ea bana - ho tsoa

• Ho etsoa opereishene ea pelo e bulehileng ea masea

DJ ea Arnaoutakis, Lillehei CW, Menard MT. Mekhoa e ikhethang ea ho buoa ka methapo ea bana. Ka: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, bahlophisi. Rutherford's Vasculry and Endovascular Therapy. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 186.

Beerman LB, Kreutzer J, Allada V. Cardiology. Ka: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, li-eds. Zitelli le Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 5.

Bernstein D. Melao-motheo ea kalafo ea lefu la pelo ea tlhaho. Ka: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 461.

CD ea Fraser, Kane LC. Lefu la pelo ea Congenital. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Buka ea Sabiston ea Ngaka ea ho Buoa. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 58.

• Ho buuoa ka sekhahla sa aortic - ho hlasela hanyane ka hanyane
• Ho buuoa ka sekhahla sa aortic - ho bulehile
• Phoso ea Atrial septal (ASD)
• Ho kopana ha aorta
• Bokooa ba pelo ea Congenital - ho buuoa ka khalemelo
• Patent ductus arteriosus
• Phekolo ea pelo ea bana
• Tetralogy ea Bohata
• Phetiso ea methapo e meholo
• Truncus arteriosus
• Phoso ea septal ea Ventricular

• Polokeho ea ho hlapela - bana
• Ho tlisa ngoana oa hau ho etela ngoan'eno ea kulang haholo
• Polokeho ea oksijene
• Tlhokomelo ea leqeba la ho buoa - e bulehile
• Ho sebelisa oksijene lapeng

• Mathata a Pelo ea Congenital
• Ho Buoa ka Pelo