Liketso tse fokolang

Matšoao a alejiki ke maikutlo a lintho tse bitsoang allergen tse kopanang le letlalo, nko, mahlo, pampitšana ea ho hema le lesapo la meno. Li ka phefumoloha ka matšoafong, tsa koenyeha, kapa tsa entoa.

Liketso tsa alejiki li atile. Karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e bakang khatello ea mmele e ts'oana le karabelo e bakang hay fever. Likarabo tse ngata li etsahala hang kamora ho kopana le allergen.

Liketso tse ngata tsa khatello ea maikutlo li bobebe, ha tse ling li ka ba matla 'me tsa beha bophelo kotsing. Li ka lula sebakeng se senyenyane sa 'mele, kapa tsa ama' mele oohle. Foromo e matla ka ho fetisisa e bitsoa anaphylaxis kapa anaphylactic shock. Liketso tsa alejiki li etsahala khafetsa ho batho ba nang le nalane ea malapa ea ho kula.

Lintho tse sa khathatseng batho ba bangata (joalo ka mahloko a tsoang ho linotsi tsa linotsi le lijo tse itseng, meriana le peo e phofshoana) li ka baka tšabo ea batho ba itseng.

Ho pepeseha lekhetlo la pele ho ka hlahisa karabelo e bonolo feela. Ho pepeseha khafetsa ho ka lebisa liphellong tse tebileng le ho feta. Hang ha motho a e-na le tšoaetso kapa a e-na le tšoaetso e fokolang (e matlafatsoa), esita le ho pepesehela ho fokolang haholo ho allergen ho ka baka karabelo e matla.

Matšoao a mangata a matla a tšoaetso a etsahala kamora metsotsoana kapa metsotso kamora ho pepesetsoa ke allergen. Likarabo tse ling li ka hlaha kamora lihora tse 'maloa, haholo haeba allergen e baka karabelo kamora hore e jeoe. Maemong a sa tloaelehang haholo, liphetoho li hlaha kamora lihora tse 24.

Anaphylaxis ke tšoaetso ea tšohanyetso le e matla e etsahalang nakong ea ha motho a pepesitsoe. Tlhokomelo ea bongaka hanghang ea hlokahala bakeng sa boemo bona. Ntle le kalafo, anaphylaxis e ka mpefala kapele haholo mme e lebise lefung nakong ea metsotso e 15.

Likokoana-hloko tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

• Dander ea liphoofolo
• Ho longoa ke linotsi ho tsoa likokoanyana tse ling
• Lijo, haholo-holo linate, litlhapi le likhetla
• Ho longoa ke likokoanyana
• Meriana
• Limela
• Limela tse phofshoana

Matšoao a tloaelehileng a ho itšoara hampe ho kenyeletsa:

• Hives (haholoholo molaleng le sefahlehong)
• Ho hlohlona
• Ho ferekana ka nko
• Li-rash
• Metsi, mahlo a mafubelu

Matšoao a karabelo e leka-lekaneng kapa e matla a kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko ba mpeng
• Melumo e sa tloaelehang (e phahameng) ea ho hema
• Ho tšoenyeha
• Ho se utloe hantle sefubeng kapa ho tiea
• Khohlela
• Letšollo
• Ho phefumoloha ho thata, ho hema
• Ho thata ho koenya
• Botsoa kapa hlooho e bobebe
• Ho ruruha kapa bokgubedu ba sefahleho
• Ho nyekeloa kapa ho hlatsa
• Liphetolelo
• Ho ruruha ha sefahleho, mahlo kapa leleme
• Ho akheha

Bakeng sa karabelo e bonolo ho isa ho e itekanetseng:

Khutsisa 'me u tiisetse motho ea arabelang. Ho tšoenyeha ho ka mpefatsa matšoao.

Leka ho khetholla allergen 'me motho eo a qobe ho ikopanya le eona hape.

1. Haeba motho a e-ba le lekhopho le hlohlona, ​​sebelisa li-compress tse pholileng le tranelate ea hydrocortisone e rekisoang.
2. Shebella motho eo bakeng sa matšoenyeho a ntseng a eketseha.
3. Fumana thuso ea bongaka. Bakeng sa karabelo e bonolo, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka khothaletsa litlhare tse rekisoang, joalo ka li-antihistamine.

Bakeng sa tšoaetso e matla (anaphylaxis):

Lekola tsela eo motho a tsamaeang ka eona moeeng, ho hema le ho potoloha ha 'mele (ABC's of Basic Life Support). Letšoao le lemosang la ho ruruha hoa 'metso ke lentsoe le phereselang haholo kapa le hoesheletsana, kapa melumo e mahoashe ha motho a hema moeeng. Haeba ho hlokahala, qala pholoso ea pholoso le CPR.

1. Letsetsa 911 kapa nomoro ea lehae ea tšohanyetso.
2. Khutsa 'me u tiisetse motho eo.
3. Haeba karabelo ea alejiki e tsoa molomong oa linotsi, hlakola motsu letlalong ka ntho e tiileng (joalo ka lenala kapa karete ea mokoloto ea polasetiki). Se ke oa sebelisa li-tweezers - ho pepeta motsu ho tla ntša mahloko a mangata.
4. Haeba motho a e-na le moriana oa `` Epinephrine '' oa ts'oaetso ea tšohanyetso, mo fane ka oona qalong ea karabelo. Se ke oa emela ho bona hore na karabelo e tla mpefala kapa che. Qoba meriana ea molomo haeba motho a thatafalloa ke ho hema.
5. Nka mehato ea ho thibela tšabo. Etsa hore motho a robale fatše, phahamisa maoto a motho ka lisenthimithara tse 30, 'me u li koahele ka baki kapa kobo. Se ke oa beha motho maemong ana haeba ho belaelloa hore o lemetse hlooho, molala, mokokotlo kapa leoto kapa haeba e baka pherekano.

Haeba motho a e-na le khatello ea maikutlo:

• Se ke oa nahana hore ho thunya ho hobe hoo motho a seng a ho fumane ho tla fana ka ts'ireletso e felletseng
• Se ke oa beha mosamo tlas’a hlooho ea motho haeba a na le bothata ba ho hema. Sena se ka thibela lifofane.
• Se ke oa fa motho letho ka molomo haeba motho a na le bothata ba ho hema.

Letsetsa thuso ea bongaka (911 kapa nomoro ea lehae ea tšohanyetso) hang hang haeba:

• Motho o na le tšoaetso e matla. Se ke oa emela ho bona hore na karabelo e ntse e mpefala kapa che.
• Motho o na le nalane ea ho hanyetsoa hampe (hlahloba lengolo la bongaka la bongaka).

Ho thibela khatello ea maikutlo

• Qoba lintho tse ka u bakang tse kang lijo le meriana tse bakileng khatello ea maikutlo nakong e fetileng. Botsa lipotso tse qaqileng mabapi le metsoako ha u ja u le sieo hae.Hlahloba ka hloko mabitso a motsoako.
• Haeba u na le ngoana ea alejang lijo tse itseng, kenyelletsa lijo tse ncha ka nako e le nyane e le hore u tsebe ho arabela.
• Batho ba bileng le khatello e matla ea mmele ba lokela ho roala tag ea bongaka 'me ba be le meriana ea tšohanyetso, joalo ka mofuta o ka hlajoang oa chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), le injectable epinephrine kapa kit sting kit, ho latela litaelo tsa mofani oa hau.
• Se ke oa sebelisa epinephrine ea hau e nang le ente ho mang kapa mang. Ba kanna ba ba le boemo, joalo ka bothata ba pelo, bo ka mpefatsoang ke sethethefatsi sena.

Anaphylaxis; Anaphylaxis - thuso ea pele

• Liketso tse fokolang
• Dermatographism - haufi-ufi
• Dermatographism letsohong
• Hives (urticaria) letsohong
• Hives (urticaria) sefubeng
• Hives (urticaria) - haufi-ufi
• Hives (urticaria) ka kutu
• Dermatographism ka morao
• Dermatographism - letsoho
• Liketso tse fokolang

PS ea Auerbach. Allergic reaction. Ka: Auerbach PS, e hlophisitsoeng. Meriana bakeng sa kantle. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: 64-65.

Barkdale AN, Muelleman RL. Ts'oaetso, hypersensitivity, le anaphylaxis. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 109.

Custovic A, Tovey E. Taolo ea Allergen bakeng sa thibelo le taolo ea mafu a kulisang. Ka: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, li-eds. Middleton's Allergy: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 84.

Lieberman P, Nicklas RA, Randolph C, le al. Anaphylaxis - ntlafatso ea parameter ea 2015. Ann Ts'oaetso ea lefu la sefuba Immunol. 2015; 115 (5): 341-384. PMID: 26505932 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26505932/.