Liteko tsa Letšoao la Hlahala
Litaba
- Litlhahlobo tsa hlahala ke eng?
- Li sebelisetsoa eng?
- Hobaneng ha ke hloka hlahlobo ea lesupa la hlahala?
- Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea "tumor marker"?
- Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?
- Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?
- Liphetho li bolelang?
- Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka liteko tsa "mark marker"?
- Litšupiso
Litlhahlobo tsa hlahala ke eng?
Liteko tsena li sheba matšoao a hlahala, ao ka linako tse ling a bitsoang matšoao a mofets'e, maling, morong kapa lisele tsa 'mele. Matšoao a hlahala ke lintho tse entsoeng ke lisele tsa mofets'e kapa lisele tse tloaelehileng ho arabela mofets'e 'meleng. Matšoao a mang a hlahala a totobetse mofuteng o le mong oa mofets'e. Tse ling li ka fumanoa mefuteng e mengata ea mofetše.
Hobane matshwao a hlahala a ka hlaha maemong a mang a sa cheseheng, liteko tsa tšoaetso ea hlahala ha li sebelisoe hangata ho fumana mofets'e kapa ho hlahloba batho ba kotsing e tlase ea lefu lena. Hangata liteko tsena li etsoa ho batho ba seng ba fumanoe ba na le mofetše. Matšoao a hlahala a ka thusa ho fumana hore na mofetše oa hau o nametse, hore na kalafo ea hau ea sebetsa, kapa hore na mofetše oa hau o khutlile kamora hore o qete kalafo.
Li sebelisetsoa eng?
Liteko tsa matšoao a hlahala hangata li sebelisoa ho:
- Rera kalafo ea hau. Haeba maemo a tšoaetso ea hlahala a theoha, hangata ho bolela hore kalafo ea sebetsa.
- Thusa ho fumana hore na mofetše o nametse liseleng tse ling
- Thusa ho tseba esale pele hore na lefu la hau le ka 'na la e-ba teng kapa la kula
- Lekola ho bona hore na mofetše oa hau o khutlile kamora kalafo e atlehileng
- Hlahloba batho ba kotsing e kholo ea mofets'e. Lisosa tsa kotsi li ka kenyelletsa nalane ea lelapa le tlhahlobo e fetileng ea mofuta o mong oa mofetše
Hobaneng ha ke hloka hlahlobo ea lesupa la hlahala?
U kanna oa hloka tlhahlobo ea "tumor" haeba u ntse u alafshoa ke mofetše, u qetile kalafo ea mofets'e, kapa u na le kotsi e kholo ea ho tšoaroa ke mofetše ka lebaka la nalane ea lelapa kapa mabaka a mang.
Mofuta oa teko eo u e fumanang o tla itšetleha ka bophelo ba hau bo botle, nalane ea bophelo bo botle le matšoao ao u ka bang le ona. Ka tlase ke mefuta e tloaelehileng haholo ea matšoao a hlahala le hore na a sebelisetsoa eng.
| CA 125 (antigen ea kankere 125) | |
|---|---|
| Letšoao la hlahala bakeng sa: | kankere ea mae a bomme |
| E ne: |
|
| CA 15-3 le CA 27-29 (li-antigen tsa mofetše 15-3 le 27-29) | |
|---|---|
| Matšoao a hlahala a: | kankere ea matsoele |
| E ne: | Lekola kalafo ho basali ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele o tsoetseng pele |
| PSA (antigen e ikhethileng ea prostate) | |
|---|---|
| Letšoao la hlahala bakeng sa: | Kankere ea senya |
| E ne: |
|
| CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) | |
|---|---|
| Letšoao la hlahala bakeng sa: | kankere e khanyang, le bakeng sa mofetše oa matšoafo, mpa, qoqotho, manyeme, letsoele le ovary |
| E ne: |
|
| AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein) | |
|---|---|
| Letšoao la hlahala bakeng sa: | Kankere ea sebete, le mofetše oa lelu la bomme kapa la makoala |
| E ne: |
|
| B2M (Beta 2-microglobulin) | |
|---|---|
| Letšoao la hlahala bakeng sa: | myeloma e mengata, li-lymphomas le leukemias |
| E ne: |
|
Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea "tumor marker"?
Ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho etsa liteko tsa matšoao a hlahala. Liteko tsa mali ke mofuta o atileng ka ho fetesisa oa liteko tsa tšoaetso ea hlahala. Liteko tsa moroto kapa li-biopsies le tsona li ka sebelisoa ho hlahloba matšoao a hlahala. Biopsy ke ts'ebetso e nyane e kenyelletsang ho tlosa karoloana e nyane ea liteko.
Haeba o etsa tlhahlobo ea mali, setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo se tla nka sampole ea mali mothapong o letsohong la hao, a sebelisa nale e nyane. Kamora hore nalete e kenngoe, ho tla bokelloa mali a manyane ka har'a pompo ea liteko. U ka ikutloa u hlaba hanyane ha nale e kena kapa e tsoa. Hangata hona ho nka nako e ka tlase ho metsotso e mehlano.
Haeba u fumana tlhahlobo ea moroto, botsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bakeng sa litaelo tsa hore na u ka fana ka sampole ea hau joang.
Haeba u fumana biopsy, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla ntša sekhechana sa lisele ka ho seha kapa ho hohla letlalo. Haeba mofani oa hau a hloka ho leka liteko ho tsoa kahare ho mmele oa hau, a ka sebelisa nale e khethehileng ho hula sampole.
Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?
Hangata ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng bakeng sa teko ea mali kapa moroto. Haeba u fumana biopsy, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore u itime lijo (u se ke ua ja kapa ua noa) lihora tse' maloa pele ho ts'ebetso. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo ea hau.
Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?
Ho na le kotsi e nyane haholo ea ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mali. U kanna oa ba le mahlaba a fokolang kapa ho longoa moo nale e kentsoeng teng, empa matšoao a mangata a fela kapele.
Ha ho na kotsi ea tlhahlobo ea moroto.
Haeba o kile oa ba le biopsy, o kanna oa ba le ho longoa kapa ho tsoa mali hanyane sebakeng sa biopsy. U kanna oa ba le bothata bo fokolang sebakeng sena bakeng sa letsatsi kapa a mabeli.
Liphetho li bolelang?
Ho latela hore na u na le teko ea mofuta ofe le hore e sebelisitsoe joang, liphetho tsa hau li kanna tsa:
- Thusa ho fumana mofuta oa kankere ea hau.
- Bontša hore na kalafo ea hau ea mofets'e ea sebetsa.
- Thusa ho rera kalafo ea nako e tlang.
- Bontša hore na mofetše oa hau o khutlile kamora hore o qete kalafo.
Haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le liphetho tsa hau, bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.
Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka liteko tsa "mark marker"?
Matšoao a hlahala a ka ba molemo haholo, empa tlhaiso-leseling eo ba fanang ka eona e ka fokotsoa hobane:
- Maemo a mang a sa cheseheng a ka baka lisosa tsa hlahala.
- Batho ba bang ba nang le mofetše ha ba na matšoao a hlahala.
- Hase mefuta eohle ea kankere e nang le matšoao a hlahala.
Kahoo, matšoao a hlahala a lula a sebelisoa le liteko tse ling ho thusa ho fumana le ho lekola mofetše.
Litšupiso
- Kankere.Net [Inthanete]. Alexandra (VA): Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Oncology; 2005-2018. Liteko tsa Letšoao la Hlahala; 2017 Mots'eanong [e qotsitsoeng 2018 ka la 7]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/tumor-marker-tests
- Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook ea Liteko tsa Laboraro le Tlhatlhobo. 2nd Ed, mosa. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Bophelo, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Matšoao a Kankere ea Kankere (CA 15-3 [27, 29], CA 19-9, CA-125, le CA-50); 121 leq.
- Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Washington DC: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2018. Biopsy [e ntlafalitsoeng 2017 Jul 10; e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Apr 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/glossary/biopsy
- Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Washington DC: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2018. Li-Tumor Markers [e ntlafalitsoeng 2018 ka la 7; e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Apr 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/tumor-markers
- Phetolelo ea Merck Manual Consumer [Inthanete]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co Inc .; c2018. Tlhatlhobo ea Kankere [e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Mmesa 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/cancer/overview-of-cancer/diagnosis-of-cancer
- Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Kankere [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Litlhahlobo tsa Hlahala [e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Mphalane 7]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet#q1
- National Heart, Lung, le Setsi sa Mali [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Liteko tsa Mali [e bontšitsoeng ka la 2018 Mmesa 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
- Oncolink [Inthanete]. Philadelphia: Batlhokomedi ba Yunibesithi ya Pennsylvania; c2018. Tataiso ea Mamello ea Matšoao a Hlahala [e ntlafalitsoeng 2018 Mar 5; e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Apr 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.oncolink.org/cancer-treatment/procedures-diagnostic-tests/blood-tests-tumor-diagnostic-tests/patient-guide-to-tumor-markers
- Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2018. Health Encyclopedia: Liteko tsa Lab bakeng sa Mofets'e [e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Mphalane 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid;=p07248
- Bophelo ba UW: Sepetlele sa Bana ba Lelapa la Amerika [Marang-rang]. Madison (WI): Univesithi ea Wisconsin Lipetlele le Bolaoli ba Litleliniki; c2018. Bophelo ba Bana: Biopsy [e boletsoeng ka 2018 Mmesa 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.uwhealthkids.org/kidshealth/en/parents/biopsy.html/
- Bophelo ba UW [Marang-rang]. Madison (WI): Univesithi ea Wisconsin Lipetlele le Bolaoli ba Litleliniki; c2018. Litlhahlobo tsa Tumor: Kakaretso ea Sehlooho [e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 3 Mots'eanong 3; e qotsitsoeng ka 2018 Apr 7]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/tumor-marker-tests/abq3994.html
Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.
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