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Ho na le tlhaiso-leseling e ngata ea phepo e nepahetseng moo e lulang e potoloha inthaneteng, ka kamoreng ea hau ea boikoetliso le tafoleng ea hau ea lijo tsa mantsiboea. Ka letsatsi le leng u utloa lijo "li le mpe" ho uena, ha tse latelang li "monate" ho uena. Ho hlaha feshene e ncha ea feshene likhoeling tse ling le tse ling tse 'maloa, e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e shebile filosofi e fapaneng ka ho felletseng. Na mafura a mabe kapa li-carbs li mpe ka ho fetesisa? Na u lokela ho bala li-macro kapa lihora tse pakeng tsa lijo? Sip kofi letsatsi le letsatsi kapa tlola k'hafeine ka ho felletseng?

Ho bonahala eka lefats'e la phepo e nepahetseng le lula le fetoha, mme ho thata ho e boloka e otlolohile. 'Nete ke hore ho itima lijo tse nang le lithibelo ha ho ts'oarelle nako e telele, ka hona, mohlomong ho ke ke ha u fa litholoana tseo u li batlang - empa ho aha mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho ja bophelo bohle ho tla u sebeletsa hantle. Le metheo ea ho ja bophelo bo botle ehlile ke ea mantlha.

Haeba u se u itokiselitse ho ithuta ho ja bophelo bo botle le ho fokotsa phepo e nepahetseng ea B.S., bala litataiso tse hlano tsa phepo tse ke keng tsa hanyetsoa ke litsebi tsa phepo e nepahetseng le ho tšehetsoa ke lipatlisiso tsa saense. Ena ke melao-motheo ea phepo e nepahetseng eo u ka tšepang hore e tla ba 'nete -' me u ithute ho qala ho ja ka phepo e ntle le ho boloka mokhoa oo oa bophelo o le hantle - ho sa tsotelehe buzz e 'ngoe ea phepo e fumana mohau kapa e lahleloa tseleng ea hau.


1. Ja Litholoana le Meroho e Ngata

Ho ipapisitsoe le Tataiso ea Lijo ea Maamerika ea USDA, batho ba baholo ba lokela ho ja bonyane likotlolo tse 1 1/2 ho isa ho tse 2 tsa litholoana le linoelo tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 tsa meroho ka letsatsi e le karolo ea mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho ja; Leha ho le joalo, ke 1 feela ho Maamerika a 10 a kopanang le palo ena e khothalletsoang ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea ho sebelisoa ha litholoana le meroho, ho latela Centers for Disease Control (CDC).

Ho ja litholoana le meroho e mengata ke “ho ke keng ha hanyetsoa ’me e mong le e mong o lokela ho etsa joalo,” ho bolela Lisa Young, Ph.D., R.D.N. setsebi sa phepo e nepahetseng mosebetsing oa poraefete le moprofesa ea adjunct ho NYU. Ho ithuta kamora ho ithuta hoa e tšehetsa, ho bontša hore ho na le melemo e mengata ho ja litholoana le meroho. "Ho ja litholoana le meroho e lekaneng ho hokahanngoa le litholoana tse ngata tse ntle, 'me melemo e ke ke ea bapisoa le ho noa pilisi feela," ho eketsa Lauren Manaker M.S., R.D.N., L.D., mongoli oa Ho fehla Temo ea Monna. "Lijo tsena ha li laeloe ke livithamini le liminerale feela, empa li na le li-antioxidants, fiber le likarolo tse ling tse molemo." Tse ling tsa likarolo tseo tse ling tse molemo li kenyelletsa phytonutrients, metsoako ea limela ea tlhaho e thusang ho loantša le ho thibela maloetse, ao bongata ba bona bo sebetsang e le li-antioxidants. Litholoana le meroho le tsona li na le fiber, e nang le melemo e mengata ea bophelo bo botle ho kenyeletsoa ho eketseha ho satiety le ho fokotsa kotsi ea mafu a 'maloa a kang lefu la pelo, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 le mefuta e meng ea mofetše. Patlisiso e boetse e phethela ka hore ha o ja litholoana le meroho tse lokisitsoeng ntle le tsoekere kapa mafura a mangata (joalo ka botoro), e ka thusa ho ntlafatsa boleng bo lekantsoeng ba lijo tsa hau, ho bolelang hore o fumana limatlafatsi tse ngata tseo 'mele oa hau o li hlokang le tse fokolang ho tsona. u se u ntse u fumana tse ngata. Ho feta moo, lipatlisiso tse ling li bonts'a hore ho ja litholoana le meroho ho feta ho ka u thabisa le uena.


Ntle le moo, "ha o ja litholoana le meroho e mengata, o kanna oa ja lijo tse seng kae tse se nang phepo," ho bolela Young. O sebelisa tataiso ena ha a sebetsa le bareki hobane, "joaloka setsebi sa phepo e nepahetseng, ke rata ho tsepamisa maikutlo lijong tseo u ka li khonang eketsa lijong tsa hau ho fapana le lijo tseo u li hlokang tsa Tsau-tsau. Mme joalo ka 'muelli oa boholo ba karolo, ha se hangata ho buuoang ka ho ja hanyane, empa ke ho ja hantle. "(Bona: Hobaneng ho ja haholo e ka ba karabo ea ho theola boima ba' mele)

2. Fumana Fibre e Lekaneng

Ho ea ka phuputso ea 2017 e phatlalalitsoeng ho Journal ea Amerika ea Meriana ea Bophelo, ke hoo e ka bang karolo ea 5 lekholong feela ea baahi ba U.S. e kopanang le tekanyo e khothaletsoang ea fiber ea lijo, 'me ke ka lebaka leo e arolelitsoeng e le limatlafatsi tse amehileng ka bophelo bo botle ba sechaba ke USDA. American Heart Association e khothalletsa ho ja ligrama tse 25 ho isa ho tse 30 ka letsatsi kapa fiber e tsoang lijong (eseng li-supplement), ha Academy of Nutrition le Dietetics e khothalletsa pakeng tsa 25 ho ea ho 38 grams ka letsatsi, ho itšetlehile ka bong. Ka karolelano, Maamerika a ja ligrama tse 15 feela.


Haeba o sa tsoa qala ho ithuta ho ja lijo tse phetseng hantle, fiber e khothalletsoang e kanna ea utloahala e le ngata haholo, ho bolela Emily Rubin, RD, LDN, motsamaisi oa li-dietetics tsa bongaka ho Thomas Jefferson University Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology e Philadelphia, PA. Ke ka hona "fiber e tlatsetsang joalo ka lipilisi le phofshoana mohlomong e khothalelitsoeng ke ngaka ea hau kapa setsebi sa phepo," o re. Leha ho le joalo, "mehloli ena ea faeba ha ea lekana ho fihlela likhothaletso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. Hape o hloka ho kenyelletsa lijo tse felletseng joalo ka meroho, litholoana, linaoa, bohobe bo felletseng ba lijo-thollo, lijo-thollo le li-pastas le litholoana." (Bona: Mokhoa oa ho ja litlheferetsi tse ngata)

Melemo ea bophelo bo botle ea fiber e bontšitsoe liphuputsong tse ngata - ke hore, ho ja lijo tse nang le fiber e ngata ho amana le phokotso ea lefu la batho ba lefu la pelo le mafu a mang a sa foleng a hlaselang Maamerika. "Liphuputso tse ngata li hokahantse phepelo e phahameng ea likhoele tsa phepo ho fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le mafu a sa foleng a mangata, ho kenyeletsoa lefu la pelo, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, mofetše o mong, le mafu / maemo a masapo," ho eketsa Rubin. Ho feta moo, "fiber e thusa ho boloka bophelo bo botle ba lijo tse silang lijo, ho fokotsa k'holeseterole, ho tsitsisa tsoekere maling, le ho boloka boima ba 'mele. Fibre e boetse e u thusa hore u ikutloe u khotsofetse hore u se ke oa ja ho tlōla." Young o re ha bareki ba hae ba tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele ba eketsa phepelo ea bona ea fiber, ba tloaetse ho ikutloa ba khotsofetse mme ba khona ho fokotsa ho ja lijo tse se nang phepo.

3. Lula U le Metsi

Ho fihlela liperesente tse 60 tsa 'mele oa motho ke metsi, ho latela US Geological Survey. Kahoo, o hloka maro a ho boloka tšebetso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea' mele oa hau, ho kenyelletsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi e etsoang ke pelo, boko le mesifa. Maro a 'mele oa hau a thusa ho isa limatlafatsi liseleng tsa hau, hape a ka thibela ho sokela. Re sa bue ka, ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ho ka lebisa mehopolong e sa hlakang, ho feto-fetoha ha maikutlo, majoeng a liphio, mme ha etsa hore' mele o futhumale ho feta, ho latela CDC.

Mabapi le hore na u lokela ho noa hakae? Seo se ka ferekanya. Ho ea ka CDC, mokelikeli oa hau oa metsi oa letsatsi le letsatsi (kapa metsi kaofela) o hlalosoa e le "palo ea metsi a nooang lijong, metsi a nooang le lino tse ling." Chelete e khothalletsoang e ka fapana ho latela lilemo, bong, le haeba motho e le moimana kapa a anyesa. Khakanyo e 'ngoe e tsoang ho Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics e re basali ba hloka linoelo tse ka bang 9 tsa metsi mme banna ba hloka linoelo tsa metsi tse 12.5 ka letsatsi, mmoho metsi ao ua fumanang lijong tse lijong tsa hau. Ntle le metsi a hlakileng, o ka fumana maro ka ho ja litholoana le meroho e mengata le lijo tse ling tseo ka tlhaho li nang le metsi (joalo ka salate le liapole), ho latela Sekolo sa Bongaka sa Harvard. Le palo ea 100% ea lero la litholoana, kofi le tee e lebisang ho ts'ebeliso ea hau ea metsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi. Litsebi tse ngata le CDC li lumellana hore metsi a nooang ke mokhoa o motle oa ho fumana maro kaha ha a na lik'halori.

4. E-ja Mefuta-futa ea Lijo

Batho ba bangata ba lumela hore 'mele e hloka mefuta e fapaneng ea limatlafatsi e le hore e lule e phetse hantle. "Lijo li na le ho hongata hoo li ka fanang ka tsona, empa ha ho lijo tse le 'ngoe tse nang le limatlafatsi tsohle tseo u li hlokang," ho bolela Elizabeth Ward, M.S., R.D., sengoli sa Ntho e Ncha e Phethahetse, ea khothalletsang ho khetha mefuta e mengata ea lijo e le karolo ea phepo e nepahetseng. AHA e boetse e khothalletsa "ho ja mookoli" oa litholoana le meroho e le hore u fumane mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea livithamine, liminerale le phytonutrients.

Mohopolo ona o sebetsa le lijong tse fapaneng ho kenyeletsoa lithollo, linate, lipeo, mafura le tse ling. Mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lijo tseo u li jang sehlopheng ka seng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea lijo, mefuta e mengata ea limatlafatsi eo u tla e ja. Ka mohlala, potassium e fumanoang libananeng le litapole e thusa ka ho honyela ha mesifa, ho akarelletsa le ho honyela ha pelo. Magnesium, e fumanoang merohong e makhasi a matala joalo ka spinach, e thusa ho laola mesebetsi e mengata ea 'mele ho kenyelletsa khatello ea mali le taolo ea tsoekere ea mali.

Lipatlisiso li boetse li tšehetsa melemo ea bophelo bo botle ba ho ja lijo tse fapaneng. Phuputso ea 2015 e phatlalalitsoeng ho Journal of Nutrition ba fumane hore ha batho ba baholo ba 7,470 ba ja lijo tse fapaneng tse nang le phepo, ba theotse menyetla ea bona ea ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso (sehlopha sa maemo a hlahang mmoho mme a eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo, setorouku le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2). Ho feta moo, phuputso ea 2002 e hatisitsoeng ho Koranta ea Machabeng ea Epidemiology o fumane hore ho eketsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lijo tse phetseng hantle tseo u li jang ho ka eketsa nako ea bophelo ba hau. Le ha e mong le e mong a kanna a se lumellane polelong ea hore ho eketsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lijo ho tla eketsa nako ea bophelo ba hau, bafuputsi ba fihletse qeto ea hore haeba o eketsa palo ea lijo tse phetseng hantle lijong tsa hau khafetsa, o boetse o tloaetse ho fokotsa palo ea lijo tse se nang phepo tse jeoang kamehla.

Stephanie Ambrose, M.S., R.D.N., L.D.N., C.P.T. morupeli oa dietetics Univesithing ea Nicholls State e Thibodaux, LA, le mong'a Nutrition Savvy Dietitian o hlalosa kamoo a phethahatsang keletso ena ho bareki ba hae ba ithutang ho ja lijo tse phetseng hantle: "Nako le nako ha ke eletsa bakuli, ke hatisa bohlokoa ba ho ja litholoana tsa sebele. meroho le ho fetola litholoana le meroho eo u e jang. Hoa tšoana le haeba ka tloaelo u ja salate e nang le meroho e tšoanang letsatsi le leng le le leng; leka ho chencha khetho ea hau ea meroho letsatsi le letsatsi kapa beke le beke. Ho e-na le ho khetha nama ea khoho kamehla, ho fapanyetsana ka lijo tsa leoatleng bonyane habeli ka beke, tse ka fanang ka mafura a omega-3 a molemo, ho bolela Ward.

5. Fokotsa Lijo tse Fetisitsoeng ka ho Fetisisa

Haeba esale o leka ho ithuta ho ja hantle, o kanna oa utloa hore lijo tse sebelisitsoeng ha li ntle - empa lijo tse sebetsitsoeng ka kakaretso li joalo eseng taba mona. Mokotla oa meroho ea salate e seng e hlatsoitsoe pele, selae sa chisi, le lekotikoti la linaoa kaofela li ka nkuoa li sebetsoe. Ke eona haholo Lijo tse ntlafalitsoeng tse fanang ka limatlafatsi tse 'maloa tse u loketseng le limatlafatsi tse ngata tseo mohlomong u seng u li qetile.

Ka mohlala, likuku tse ngata, li-donuts le likuku li na le lik’hilojule tse ngata, mafura a mangata le tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ’me ha li fane ka livithamine le liminerale tse fokolang haholo. Ho ja mafura a mangata haholo ho 'nile ha amahanngoa le kotsi e kholo ea lefu la pelo. Ka lebaka leo, AHA e khothalletsa "ho nkela sebaka sa lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata a nang le mafura a mangata ka mekhoa e metle ho ka fokotsa maemo a k'holeseterole ea mali le ho ntlafatsa litlaleho tsa lipid." Hape, ho ja tsoekere e ngata haholo ho boetse ho amahanngoa le litaba tsa bophelo bo botle, tse kang boima ba 'mele le botenya, lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2, le lefu la pelo, ho latela CDC. Litaelo tsa 2020-2025 tsa lijo bakeng sa MaAmerika li khothaletsa ho ja ho feta liperesente tse 10 tsa likhalori tsohle (kapa li-calories tse 200) ho tsoa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng - khothatso eo MaAmerika kaofela a fetang ho eona.

Molao o motle oa ho ja o phetseng hantle: "Khetha lijo tse haufi haholo le mefuta ea tsona ea pele, joalo ka nama e ncha, khōhō le tlhapi le litholoana le meroho bakeng sa limatlafatsi tse ngata le mafura, sodium le tsoekere tse sa tlatsetsoang haholo. , "ho bolela Ward. E hlile e bonolo hakaalo.

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