CBC: ke ea eng le hore na u ka utloisisa sephetho joang
Litaba
- 1. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, li-erythrocyte kapa li-erythrocyte
- Lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (leukocyte)
- 3. Liplatelete
Palo e felletseng ea mali ke teko ea mali e lekolang lisele tse etsang mali, joalo ka li-leukocyte, tse tsejoang e le lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, tse tsejoang hape e le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali kapa li-erythrocyte le liplatelete.
Karolo ea palo ea mali e lumellanang le tlhahlobo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e bitsoa erythrogram eo, ntle le ho bonts'a bongata ba lisele tsa mali, e tsebisang ka boleng ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, ho bonts'a hore na li boholo bo loketseng kapa ka hemoglobin e khothalletsoang ho tsona, e thusang ho hlakisa lisosa tsa phokolo ea mali, mohlala. Tlhahisoleseling ena e fanoa ke li-indices tsa hematimetric, e leng HCM, VCM, CHCM le RDW.
Ho itima lijo ha ho hlokehe bakeng sa pokello ea eona, leha ho le joalo, ho khothaletsoa hore o se ke oa ikoetlisa lihora tse 24 pele ho tlhahlobo le ho lula lihora tse 48 u sa noe mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa lino tse tahang, hobane li ka fetola sephetho.
Maemo a mang a ka bonoang palong ea mali ke:
1. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, li-erythrocyte kapa li-erythrocyte
Erythrogram ke karolo ea palo ea mali eo ho eona ho hlahlojoang litšobotsi tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, li-erythrocyte, tse tsejoang hape e le li-erythrocyte.
| HT kapa HCT - Hematocrit | E emetse liperesente tsa bophahamo ba modumo o sebelisoang ke lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ka kakaretso ea mali | Holimo: Ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng, polycythemia le tšabo; Tlaase: Phokolo ea mali, tahlehelo e feteletseng ea mali, lefu la liphio, khaello ea tšepe le protheine le sepsis. |
| Hb - Hemoglobin | Ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali mme e ikarabella bakeng sa ho tsamaisa oksijene | Holimo: Polycythemia, ho hloleha ha pelo, lefu la matšoafo le libakeng tse phahameng; Tlaase: Bokhachane, khaello ea mali ea khauta, khaello ea mali ea megaloblastic, thalassemia, mofetše, khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng, lefu la sebete le lupus. |
Ntle le palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, palo ea mali e tlameha ho sekaseka likarolo tsa tsona tsa morphological, kaha le tsona li ka supa mafu. Tlhahlobo ena e entsoe ka ho sebelisa li-indices tsa hematimetric tse latelang:
- MCV kapa Karolelano ea Motsoako oa Motsoako:e lekanya boholo ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, tse ka eketsoang mefuteng e meng ea phokolo ea mali, joalo ka vithamine B12 kapa khaello ea folic acid, botahoa kapa liphetoho tsa moko oa masapo. Haeba e fokotsoe, e kanna ea supa phokolo ea mali ka lebaka la khaello ea tšepe kapa semelo sa lefutso, joalo ka Thalassemia. Ithute haholoanyane ka VCM;
- HCM kapa Karolelano ea Hemoglobin e Kopaneng le Metsoako:e bontša kakaretso ea hemoglobin ka ho hlahloba boholo le 'mala oa sele e khubelu ea mali. Bona hore na HCM e phahameng le e tlase e bolelang;
- CHCM (karolelano ea hemoglobin ea methapo ea mali): e bonts'a mohopolo oa hemoglobin ka sele e khubelu ea mali, hangata e fokotsoa ho li-anemias, 'me boemo bona bo bitsoa hypochromia;
- RDW (Boholo ba kabo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali): ke index e bonts'a liperesente tsa phapang ea boholo lipakeng tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tsa sampole ea mali, ka hona, haeba ho na le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse boholo bo fapaneng sampoleng, fetoloa, e ka ba sesupo sa ho qala ha li-anemias tsa tšepe kapa tsa vithamine, ka mohlala, le litekanyetso tsa bona tsa litšupiso li lipakeng tsa 10 le 15%. Ithute haholoanyane ka RDW.
Fumana lintlha tse ling ka boleng ba ts'ebeliso ea mali.
Lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali (leukocyte)
Leukogram ke teko ea bohlokoa ho thusa ho netefatsa boits'ireletso ba motho le hore na 'mele o ka arabela joang maemong a fapaneng, joalo ka ts'oaetso le ho ruruha. Ha mahloriso a leukocyte a phahame, boemo bo bitsoa leukocytosis, 'me lehlakoreng le leng ke leukopenia. Bona kamoo u ka utloisisang sephetho sa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali.
| Li-neutrophils | Holimo:Ts'oaetso, ho ruruha, mofetše, khatello ea maikutlo, khatello ea maikutlo, lefu la tsoekere kapa gout. Tlaase: Ho haella ha vithamine B12, sickle cell anemia, ts'ebeliso ea li-steroid, kamora ho buuoa kapa thrombocytopenic purpura. |
| Li-Eosinophil | Holimo: Ho kula, liboko, khaello ea mali e kotsi, ulcerative colitis kapa lefu la Hodgkin. Tlaase: Ts'ebeliso ea beta-blockers, corticosteroids, khatello ea maikutlo, tšoaetso ea baktheria kapa vaerase. |
| Basophils | Holimo: Kamora ho tlosa spleen, lefu le sa foleng la myeloid leukemia, polycythemia, pox kapa lefu la Hodgkin. Tlaase: Hyperthyroidism, tšoaetso e matla, ho ima kapa tšabo ea anaphylactic. |
| Li-lymphocyte | Holimo: Mononucleosis e tšoaetsanoang, makhopho, maselese le mafu a hlobaetsang. Tlaase: Tšoaetso kapa khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng. |
| Li-monocyte | Holimo: Leukemia ea monocytic, lefu la polokelo ea lipid, tšoaetso ea protozoal kapa lefu le sa foleng la ulcerative colitis. Tlaase: Phokolo ea mali e bakoang ke mali. |
3. Liplatelete
Liplatelete ke likhechana tsa lisele tse bohlokoa haholo hobane li na le boikarabello ba ho qala ts'ebetso ea ho koala. Boleng bo tloaelehileng ba li-platelet bo lokela ho ba lipakeng tsa mali a 150,000 ho isa ho 450,000 / mm³.
Liplatelete tse phahameng li bohlokoa ka lebaka la hore li ka baka masela a mali le thrombi, ka kotsi ea thrombosis le pulmonary embolism, ka mohlala. Ha li fokotsehile, li ka eketsa menyetla ea ho tsoa mali. Fumana hore na lisosa le seo u lokelang ho se etsa ke li-platelet tse tlase.
E Khahla Kajeno
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