Teko ea Mali ea Boloi ba Fecal (FOBT)

Litaba

• Teko ea mali a boloi ba 'mele ke eng?
• E sebelisetsoa eng?
• Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea mali ea bonohe ba mali?
• Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi ea boloi?
• Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?
• Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?
• Liphetho li bolelang?
• Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi ba boloi?
• Litšupiso

Teko ea mali a boloi ba 'mele ke eng?

Teko ea mali ea boloi ea boloi (FOBT) e sheba mohlala oa setuloana sa hau (mantle) ho hlahloba mali. Mali a boloi a bolela hore o ke ke oa o bona ka mahlo. Mali ka setulong a bolela hore ho na le mofuta o mong oa ho tsoa mali kahara tšilo ea lijo. E ka bakoa ke maemo a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa:

• Li-polyps
• Lithopha
• Ho fapoha
• Liso
• Colitis, mofuta oa mafu a ho ruruha a mala

Mali ka setuloaneng e kanna ea ba pontšo ea mofets'e oa 'mala, mofuta oa mofets'e o qalang koloneng kapa marameng. Kankere ea Colorectal ke sesosa sa bobeli se ka sehloohong sa lefu le amanang le mofets'e United States mme ke kankere ea boraro e tloaelehileng ho banna le basali. Teko ea mali a boloi ba 'mele ke teko ea ho hlahloba e ka thusang ho fumana mofetše oa' mala kapele, ha kalafo e sebetsa haholo.

Mabitso a mang: FOBT, mali a boloi a setuloana, tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi, teko ea Hemoccult, teko ea guaiac smear, gFOBT, immunochemical FOBT, iFOBT; LETEKA

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Teko ea mali a boloi e sebelisoa e le teko ea pele ea tlhahlobo ea mofetše oa 'mala. E kanna ea sebelisoa ho fumana maemo a mang a bakang ho tsoa mali kahara tšilo ea lijo.

Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea mali ea bonohe ba mali?

Setsi sa Naha sa Kankere se khothaletsa hore batho ba hlahlojoe khafetsa kankere e mebala-bala ho tloha ha ba le lilemo li 50. Ho hlahlojoa e kanna ea ba tlhahlobo ea boloi ba boloi kapa mofuta o mong oa tlhatlhobo. Liteko tsena li ka kenyelletsa:

• Teko ea DNA ea setulo. Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ena, o ka sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa lapeng ho nka sampole ea setuloana sa hau ebe o se khutlisetsa labong. E tla hlahlojoa bakeng sa liphetoho tsa mali le tsa lefutso tse ka bang matšoao a mofets'e. Haeba tlhahlobo e le ntle, o tla hloka colonoscopy.
• A kholoscopy. Ena ke ts'ebetso e nyane ea ho buoa. Pele o tla fuoa moriana o bobebe ho o thusa ho phomola. Ebe mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla sebelisa tube e tšesaane ho sheba kahare ho kolone ea hau

Ho na le melemo le likotsi ho mofuta o mong le o mong oa tlhahlobo. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo mabapi le tlhahlobo e u loketseng.

Haeba mofani oa hau a khothaletsa tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi ba 'mele, o hloka ho e fumana selemo se seng le se seng. Teko ea DNA ea setuloana e lokela ho nkuoa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo, 'me colonoscopy e lokela ho etsoa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse leshome.

U kanna ua hloka ho hlahlojoa khafetsa haeba u na le mabaka a itseng a kotsi. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Nalane ea lelapa ea mofets'e o sa tloaelehang
• Ho tsuba koae
• Botenya
• Ho sebelisa joala haholo

Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi ea boloi?

Teko ea mali a boloi ba 'mele ke teko e sa rateheng eo u ka e etsang lapeng ha u le bonolo. Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u fa lisebelisoa tse kenyelletsang litaelo tsa hore na u ka etsa tlhahlobo joang. Hona le mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha ea liteko tsa mali a boloi ba' mele: guaiac smear method (gFOBT) le immunochemical method (iFOBT kapa FIT). Ka tlase ke litaelo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa tlhahlobo ka 'ngoe. Litaelo tsa hau li ka fapana hanyane ho latela moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa liteko.

Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea guaiac smear (gFOBT), o kanna oa hloka ho:

• Bokella mehlala ho tsoa mantle a mararo a arohaneng.
• Bakeng sa sampole ka 'ngoe, bokella setuloana' me u se boloke ka setshelong se hloekileng. Etsa bonnete ba hore sampole ha e kopane le moroto kapa metsi a tsoang ntloaneng.
• Sebelisa sesebelisoa ho tsoa litekong tsa hau tsa liteko ho tlotsa setuloana se seng kareteng ea liteko kapa slide, e kenyellelitsoeng ka har'a kit.
• Tšoaea 'me u tiise mehlala ea hau eohle joalo ka ha u laetsoe.
• Romella mehlala ho mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo kapa lab.

Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea fecal immunochemical (FIT), o kanna oa hloka ho:

• Bokella mehlala ho tsoa mantle a mabeli kapa a mararo.
• Bokella sampole e tsoang ntloaneng u sebelisa borashe bo khethehileng kapa sesebelisoa se seng se kentsoeng ka kateng ea hau.
• Bakeng sa sampole ka 'ngoe, sebelisa borashe kapa sesebelisoa ho nka sampole ka holim'a setuloana.
• Senya sampole kareteng ea liteko.
• Tšoaea 'me u tiise mehlala ea hau eohle joalo ka ha u laetsoe.
• Romella mehlala ho mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo kapa lab.

Etsa bonnete ba hore u latela litaelo tsohle tse fanoeng ka mokoting oa hau, 'me u bue le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso.

Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?

Lijo tse ling le lithethefatsi li ka ama sephetho sa teko ea guaiac smear method (gFOBT). Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka u kopa qoba tse latelang:

• Lithethefatsi tse seng khahlanong le ho ruruha (li-NSAID) tse kang ibuprofen, naproxen, kapa aspirin matsatsi a supileng pele ho tlhahlobo ea hau. Haeba u noa aspirin bakeng sa mathata a pelo, bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u emisa moriana oa hau. Acetaminophen e ka bolokeha ho e sebelisa nakong ena, empa sheba le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u e nka.
• Ho feta 250 mg ea vithamine ea C letsatsi le leng le le leng ho tsoa ho li-supplement, lero la litholoana, kapa litholoana matsatsi a supileng pele ho tlhahlobo ea hau. Vithamine C e ka ama lik'hemik'hale tekong mme ea baka sephetho se fosahetseng leha ho na le mali.
• Nama e khubelu, joalo ka nama ea khomo, konyana le nama ea kolobe, matsatsi a mararo pele ho tlhahlobo. Mesaletsa ea mali lijong tsena e ka baka litholoana tse fosahetseng.

Ha ho na litokisetso tse khethehileng kapa lithibelo tsa phepo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea fecal immunochemical test (FIT).

Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?

Ha ho na kotsi e tsejoang ea ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Haeba sephetho sa hau se nepahetse bakeng sa mofuta o fe kapa o fe oa teko ea mali a boloi, ho bolela hore o kanna oa tsoa mali kae kae sebakeng sa hau sa tšilo ea lijo. Empa ha ho bolele hore o na le mofetše. Maemo a mang a ka hlahisang sephetho se setle tlhahlobong ea mali ea boloi ba 'mele a kenyelletsa lisosa, li-hemorrhoids, polyps le lihlahala tse kotsi. Haeba sephetho sa liteko tsa hau se nepahetse bakeng sa mali, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba hau o kanna a khothaletsa liteko tse ling, joalo ka colonoscopy, ho fumana sebaka le sesosa sa ho tsoa ha mali. Haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le liphetho tsa hau, bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi ba boloi?

Ho hlahlojoa ha mofetše khafetsa ka mebala e sa tloaelehang, joalo ka tlhahlobo ea mali ea boloi ba 'mele, ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa ntoeng ea ho loants'a mofetše. Liphuputso li bonts'a hore liteko tsa ho hlahloba li ka thusa ho fumana mofetše esale pele, hape li ka fokotsa lefu la lefu lena.

Litšupiso

1. Mokhatlo oa American Cancer [Inthanete]. Atlanta: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere Inc .; c2017. Litlhahiso tsa Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere bakeng sa Kankere e Potlakileng e Bonoa Pele; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Jun 24; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18;]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/acs-recommendations.html
2. Mokhatlo oa American Cancer [Inthanete]. Atlanta: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere Inc .; c2017. Liteko tsa ho Hlahloba Kankere e Colorectal; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Jun 24; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 8]. E fumaneha ho:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/screening-tests-used.html
3. Mokhatlo oa American Cancer [Inthanete]. Atlanta: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere Inc .; c2017. Bohlokoa ba Tlhatlhobo ea Kankere e Colorectal; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Jun 24; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/importance-of-crc-screening.html
4. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Tlhahisoleseling ea Motheo ka Mofets'e oa Cololo; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Apr 25; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/index.htm
5. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Lipalo-palo tsa Kankere ea Colorectal; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Jun 20; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/statistics/index.htm
6. Colorectal Cancer Alliance [Inthanete]. Washington DC: Colorectal Cancer Alliance; Colonoscopy; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mmesa 1]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho: https://www.ccalliance.org/screening-prevention/screening-methods/colonoscopy
7. Colorectal Cancer Alliance [Inthanete]. Washington DC: Colorectal Cancer Alliance; Setulo sa DNA; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mmesa 1]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho: https://www.ccalliance.org/screening-prevention/screening-methods/stool-dna
8. FDA: Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi ea Amerika [Inthanete]. Silver Spring (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la US; Kankere e Colorectal: Seo U Lokelang ho se Tseba; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2017 Mar 16; e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mphalane 1]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho: https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm443595.htm 
9. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook ea Liteko tsa Laboraro le Tlhatlhobo. 2^ke Monghali, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Bophelo, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Teko ea Mali a Fecal Occult (FOBT); leq. EA-292-TL
10. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Washington DC: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Teko ea Mali a Fecal Occult le Teko ea Immechemochemical ea Fecal: Ha o habanya feela; [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2015 Oct 30; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/glance/
11. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Washington DC: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Teko ea Mali a Fecal Occult le Teko ea Immechemochemical ea Fecal: Teko; [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2015 Oct 30; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/test/
12. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Washington DC: Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Teko ea Mali a Fecal Occult le Teko ea Immechemochemical ea Fecal: Sampole ea Teko; [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2015 Oct 30; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/sample/
13. Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Kankere [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Kankere e Colorectal: Phetolelo ea Mokuli; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Feb 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho:https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal

Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.