Mali ka Morong

Litaba

• U etsa tlhahlobo ea mali joang ka moroto?
• E sebelisetsoa eng?
• Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea mali ha ho etsoa moroto?
• Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea mali?
• Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?
• Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?
• Liphetho li bolelang?
• Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka mali ha a etsoa tlhahlobo ea moroto?
• Litšupiso

U etsa tlhahlobo ea mali joang ka moroto?

Teko e bitsoang urinalysis e ka bona hore na ho na le mali ka morong oa hau. Ho hlahlojoa ha urinalysis ho hlahloba sampole ea moroto oa hau bakeng sa lisele tse fapaneng, lik'hemik'hale le lintho tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa le mali. Lisosa tse ngata tsa mali ka morong oa hau ha li kotsi, empa ka linako tse ling lisele tse khubelu kapa tse tšoeu tsa mali ka morong oa hau li ka bolela hore o na le boemo ba bongaka bo hlokang kalafo, joalo ka lefu la liphio, tšoaetso ea mosese kapa lefu la sebete.

Mabitso a mang: tlhahlobo ea mosese e nyane haholo, tlhahlobo ea moroto ka microscopic, tlhahlobo ea moroto, tlhahlobo ea moroto, UA

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Ho hlahlojoa ha moroto, ho kenyeletsang tlhahlobo ea mali morong, ho ka etsoa e le karolo ea ho hlahlojoa khafetsa kapa ho hlahloba mathata a pampiri ea moroto, liphio kapa sebete.

Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea mali ha ho etsoa moroto?

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka be a laetse tlhahlobo ea moroto e le karolo ea tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng. U kanna ua hloka teko ena haeba u bone mali ka morong oa hau kapa u na le matšoao a mang a lefu la ho ntša metsi. Matšoao ana a kenyelletsa:

• Ho rota ho bohloko
• Ho rota khafetsa
• Bohloko ba morao
• Bohloko ba mpeng

Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea mali?

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla hloka ho bokella sampole ea moroto oa hau. Nakong ea ketelo ea hau ofising, o tla fumana setshelo ho bokella moroto le litaelo tse ikhethang ho netefatsa hore sampole ha e na nyopa. Litaelo tsena hangata li bitsoa "mokhoa o hloekileng oa ho ts'oasa." E kenyelletsa mehato e latelang:

1. Hlapa matsoho a hao.
2. Hloekisa sebaka sa hau sa botona le botšehali ka pampiri ea tlhoekiso eo u e filoeng ke mofani oa hau. Banna ba lokela ho hlakola ntlha ea botona ba bona. Basali ba lokela ho bula libia tsa bona le ho hloekisa ho tloha pele ho ea morao.
3. Qala ho ntša metsi ka ntloaneng.
4. Tsamaisa setshelo sa pokello tlasa molapo oa hau oa moroto.
5. Bokella bonyane hora e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli tsa moroto ka har'a setshelo, se lokelang ho ba le matšoao ho bontša chelete e hlokahalang.
6. Qeta ho rota ka ntlwaneng.
7. Khutlisa mohlala oa setshelo joalo ka ha u laetsoe ke mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?

Ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng pele u etsa tlhahlobo ea mali morong oa hau. Haeba mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a laetse liteko tse ling tsa moroto kapa tsa mali, o kanna oa hloka ho itima lijo (u se ke oa ja kapa oa noa) lihora tse 'maloa pele ho tlhahlobo. Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u tsebisa haeba ho na le litaelo tse khethehileng tseo u lokelang ho li latela.

Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?

Ha ho na kotsi e tsebahalang ea ho hlahlojoa moroto kapa mali ha ho etsoa liteko tsa moroto.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Ho na le mabaka a fapaneng a ka etsang hore lisele tse khubelu kapa tse tšoeu tsa mali li be teng morong. Tse ngata ha se lebaka la ho tšoenyeha. Mali a manyane morotong a ka bakoa ke meriana e itseng, boikoetliso bo matla, thobalano kapa ho ilela khoeli. Haeba ho fumanoa mali a mangata, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka kopa liteko tse ling.

Ho eketseha ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ka har'a moroto ho ka supa:

• Tšoaetso ea vaerase
• Ho ruruha ha liphio kapa senya
• Bothata ba mali
• Kankere ea senya kapa ea liphio

Ho eketseha ha lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali morong ho ka supa:

• Tšoaetso ea tšoaetso ea baktheria ea ho ntša metsi. Sena ke sesosa se atileng haholo sa palo e phahameng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali morong.
• Ho ruruha ha mosese kapa liphio

Ho ithuta hore na liphetho tsa hau li bolelang, bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka mali ha a etsoa tlhahlobo ea moroto?

Mali a tekong ea moroto hangata ke karolo ea tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng ea ho ntša metsi. Ntle le ho hlahloba mali, ho hlahlojoa ha urinal ho lekanya lintho tse ling ka hara moroto, ho kenyelletsa liprotheine, acid le maemo a tsoekere, likhechana tsa sele le likristale.

Litšupiso

1. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook ea Liteko tsa Laboraro le Tlhatlhobo. 2^ke Monghali, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Bophelo, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Hemoglobin, Moroto; leq. EA-325-TK
2. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Urinalysis: Teko; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Mots'eanong 25; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [tse ka bang li-skrini tse 4]: E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urinalysis/tab/test
3. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Urinalysis: Mefuta e Meraro ea Litlhahlobo; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urinalysis/ui-exams/start/
4. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2017. Ho hlahloba urinaline: U itokisa joang? 2016 Oct 19 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/details/how-you-prepare/ppc-20255388
5. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2017. Ho hlahloba urinalysis: Seo u ka se lebellang; 2016 Oct 19 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/details/what-you-can-expect/rec-20255393
6. Phetolelo ea Merck Manual Consumer [Inthanete]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co., Inc .; c2017. Ho hlahloba urinal; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/diagnosis-of-kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/urinalysis
7. Setsi sa Naha sa Lefu la Ts'oaetso le Mafu a Ts'oaetso le Liphio [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Hematuria (Mali ka Morong); 2016 Jul [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/hematuria-blood-urine
8. Sisteme ea Saint Francis Health [Internet]. Tulsa (OK): Sisteme ea Bophelo ea Saint Francis; c2016. Tlhahisoleseling ea Mokuli: Ho Bokella Mohlala o Hloekileng oa ho Tšoasa Catch; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 la 13]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.saintfrancis.com/lab/Documents/Collecting%20a%20Clean%20Catch%20Urine.pdf
9. Setsi sa Johns Hopkins Lupus [Marang-rang]. Bongaka ba Johns Hopkins; c2017. Ho hlahloba urinal; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.hopkinslupus.org/lupus-tests/screening-laboratory-tests/urinalysis/
10. Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2017. Health Encyclopedia: Madi ka Morotong; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid;=P01479
11. Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2017. Health Encyclopedia: Ho Hlahloba Microscopic Urinalysis; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 14]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid;=urinanalysis_microscopic_exam

Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.