Lefu la Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)

Lefu la Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ke lefu la ho hema le bakang feberu, ho khohlela le phefumoloho e khuts'oane. COVID-19 e tšoaetsanoa haholo, 'me e nametse lefatšeng ka bophara. Batho ba bangata ba tšoaroa ke bokuli bo bobebe ho isa ho bo itekanetseng. Batho ba baholo le batho ba nang le maemo a itseng a bophelo ba kotsing e kholo ea ho kula haholo le lefu.

COVID-19 e bakoa ke vaerase ea SARS-CoV-2 (lefu le matla la ho hema coronavirus 2). Li-Coronaviruses ke lelapa la livaerase tse ka amang batho le liphoofolo. Li ka baka mafu a phefumolohang a bobebe ho isa ho a itekanetseng, joalo ka sefuba. Li-coronavirus tse ling li ka baka mafu a maholo a ka lebisang pneumonia esita le lefu.

COVID-19 e tlalehiloe ka lekhetlo la pele Motseng oa Wuhan, Profinseng ea Hubei, Chaena mathoasong a Tšitoe, 2019. Ho tloha ka nako eo, e hasane ho phatlalla le lefats'e ka hare ho United States.

SARS-CoV-2 ke betacoronavirus, joalo ka li-coronavirus tsa MERS le SARS, tseo ka bobeli li hlahileng ho bo-'mankhane. Ho nahanoa hore vaerase e fetela ho batho ho tloha liphoofolong. Hona joale vaerase e hasana haholo-holo ho tloha ho motho-ho-motho.

COVID-19 e hasana ho batho ba haufi haholo (e ka bang maoto a 6 kapa limithara tse 2). Ha motho ea nang le lefu a khohlela, a thimola, a bina, a bua kapa a hema, marotholi a fafatsa moeeng. U ka tšoaroa ke bokuli haeba u phefumoloha marotholi ana kapa li kena mahlong a hau.

Maemong a mang, COVID-19 e ka hasana moeeng mme ea tšoaetsa batho ba bohōle ba limithara tse fetang tse tšeletseng. Marotholi a manyenyane le likaroloana li ka lula moeeng metsotso le lihora tse ngata. Sena se bitsoa phetiso ea moea, 'me e ka hlaha libakeng tse koetsoeng ka moea o fokolang. Leha ho le joalo, ho tloaelehile haholo hore COVID-19 e hasane ka kamano e haufi.

Hangata, bokuli bo ka ata haeba o ama bokaholimo bo nang le vaerase, ebe o ama mahlo, nko, molomo kapa sefahleho. Empa hona ha ho nahanoe hore ke eona tsela e kholo ea vaerase ea ho ata.

COVID-19 e hasana ho tloha ho motho e mong ho ea ho e mong kapele. Litsi tsa United States tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu (CDC) le Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) li nka COVID-19 e le ts'okelo e tebileng ea bophelo bo botle ba sechaba lefats'eng ka bophara le United States. Boemo bo fetoha kapele, ka hona ho bohlokoa ho latela tataiso ea hajoale ea lehae ea kamoo u ka itšireletsang le ba bang ho fumana le ho hasanya COVID-19.

Matšoao a COVID-19 a tloha bonyenyaneng ho ea boima. Batho ba baholo le batho ba nang le maemo a itseng a bophelo ba na le kotsi e kholo ea ho tšoaroa ke mafu le lefu le matla. Maemo a bophelo bo eketsang kotsi ena a kenyelletsa:

• Lefu la pelo
• Lefu la liphio
• COPD (lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary pulmonary)
• Botenya (BMI ea 30 kapa kaholimo)
• Mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere
• Mofuta oa 1 oa lefu la tsoekere
• Phetisetso ea 'mele
• Boloetse ba sele
• Kankere
• Ho tsuba
• Down syndrome
• Boimana

Matšoao a COVID-19 a kenyeletsa:

• Feberu
• Ho bata
• Khohlela
• Ho hema nakoana kapa ho hema ka thata
• Mokhathala
• Bohloko ba mesifa
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Ho lahleheloa ke kutlo ea tatso kapa monko
• Metso o bohloko
• Nko e petetsane kapa e lutlang
• Ho nyekeloa kapa ho hlatsa
• Letšollo

(Tlhokomeliso: Lena ha se lenane le felletseng la matšoao a ka bang teng. Ho ka eketsoa haholoanyane ha litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle li ithuta haholoanyane ka lefu lena.)

Batho ba bang ba kanna ba se na matšoao ho hang kapa ba na le a mang, empa ha se matšoao 'ohle.

Matšoao a ka hlaha nakong ea matsatsi a 2 ho isa ho a 14 kamora ho pepesoa. Hangata, matšoao a hlaha matsatsing a 5 kamora ho pepesetsoa. Leha ho le joalo, o ka jala vaerase leha o sena matšoao.

Matšoao a matla a hlokang ho batla thuso ea bongaka hanghang a kenyelletsa:

• Ho hema ka thata
• Bohloko ba sefubeng kapa khatello e tsoelang pele
• Pherekano
• Ho hloleha ho tsoha
• Melomo e putswa kapa sefahleho

Haeba u na le matšoao a COVID-19, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka nka qeto ea ho u etsa liteko tsa lefu lena.

Haeba u etsa tlhahlobo ea COVID-19, li-swabs tse tsoang ka morao ho nko, bokapele ba nko, kapa 'metso li tla bokelloa. Haeba ho nahanoa hore motho o na le COVID-19, mehlala ena e tla hlahlojoa bakeng sa SARS-CoV-2.

Haeba u hlaphoheloa lapeng, tlhokomelo e tšehetsang e fuoa ho thusa ho kokobetsa matšoao. Batho ba nang le bokuli bo matla ba tla phekoloa sepetlele. Batho ba bang ba fuoa meriana ea liteko.

Haeba u hlokomeloa sepetlele 'me u fumana kalafo ea oksijene, kalafo ea COVID-19 e ka kenyelletsa meriana e latelang, e ntseng e hlahlojoa:

• Remdesivir, moriana o thibelang likokoana-hloko ho thusa ho fokotsa vaerase. Meriana ena e fanoa ka mothapo (IV).
• Dexamethasone, moriana oa steroid, ho thusa ho fokotsa karabelo e fetelletseng ea boits'ireletso 'meleng. Haeba dexamethasone e sa fumanehe, o ka fuoa corticosteroid e ngoe e kang prednisone, methylprednisolone kapa hydrocortisone.
• Ho latela maemo a hau, u ka fuoa e 'ngoe kapa e' ngoe ea meriana, kapa meriana eo ka bobeli.
• U tla phekoloa ka mathata afe kapa afe a lefu lena. Mohlala, o ka fuoa li-thinner tsa mali ho thusa ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho ba le mali, kapa o ka ba le dialysis haeba liphio tsa hau li sa sebetse hantle.

Haeba u fumana hore u na le tšoaetso ea COVID-19 'me u kotsing e kholo ea ho kula hampe ho tsoa ho lefu lena, mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa meriana e bitsoang li-antibodies tsa monoclonal.

Bamlanivimab kapa casirivimab hammoho le imdevimab ke mefuta e 'meli e joalo e lumelletsoeng ho sebelisoa ka tšohanyetso ke FDA. Haeba e fanoa kapele ka mor'a hore u tšoaetsoe, meriana ena e ka thusa sesole sa hau sa 'mele ho loantša vaerase. Li ka fuoa batho ba nang le bokuli bo bobebe ho isa ho bo itekanetseng ba sa kenang sepetlele.

Mefuta e meng ea kalafo e ka bang teng, joalo ka lero la mali ho tsoa ho batho ba neng ba na le COVID-19 mme ba folile, e ntse e ithutoa, empa ha ho na bopaki bo lekaneng ho ba khothaletsa nakong ena.

Ho ipapisitsoe le bopaki bo fumanehang, litataiso tsa hajoale tsa kalafo tse tsoang ho Mekhatlo ea Naha ea Bophelo li khothaletsa khahlano le ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse ling bakeng sa COVID-19, ho kenyeletsoa chloroquine le hydroxychloroquine. Se ke oa noa lithethefatsi ho alafa COVID-19 ntle le tse laetsoeng ke mofani oa thepa ea hau. Botsa mofani oa hau pele u iphekola kapa u rata moratuoa ka livithamini, limatlafatsi, kapa meriana efe kapa efe e boletsoeng nakong e fetileng bakeng sa mathata a mang a bophelo.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Tšenyo ea pelo le methapo ea mali, liphio, boko, letlalo, mahlo le litho tsa mala
• Ho hloleha ho phefumoloha
• Lefu

U lokela ho ikopanya le mofani oa litšebeletso:

• Haeba u na le matšoao 'me u nahana hore u kanna oa pepesetsoa COVID-19
• Haeba u na le COVID-19 mme matšoao a hau a ntse a mpefala

Letsetsa 911 kapa nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae haeba u na le:

• Ho hema ka thata
• Bohloko ba sefubeng kapa khatello
• Pherekano kapa ho hloleha ho tsoha
• Melomo e putswa kapa sefahleho
• Matšoao a mang a boima kapa a u tšoenyang
  

Pele u ea ofising ea ngaka kapa lefapheng la maemo a tšohanyetso a sepetlele (ED), letsetsa pele 'me u ba bolelle hore u na le kapa u nahana hore u ka ba le COVID-19. Ba bolelle ka maemo afe kapa afe ao u ka bang le 'ona, a kang lefu la pelo, lefu la tsoekere kapa la matšoafo. Roala maske e koahelang sefahleho ka bonyane likarolo tse 2 ha u etela ofisi kapa ED, ntle le haeba e thatafalletsa ho hema. Sena se tla thusa ho sireletsa batho ba bang bao u kopanang le bona.

Meento ea COVID-19 e sebelisetsoa ho matlafatsa sesole sa 'mele le ho itšireletsa khahlanong le COVID-19. Meento ena ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa ho thusa ho emisa seoa sa COVID-19.

Hajoale ho na le phepelo e fokolang ea ente ea COVID-19. Ka lebaka lena, CDC e entse likhothaletso ho mebuso ea mmuso le ea lehae mabapi le hore na ke mang ea lokelang ho fumana liente pele. Botsa lefapha la lehae la bophelo bo botle bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling seterekeng sa heno.

Le ha o se o fumane litekanyo tse peli tsa ente, o ntse o tla hloka ho tsoela pele ho roala mask, lula bonyane maoto a 6 hole le ba bang, mme o hlape matsoho khafetsa.

Litsebi li ntse li ithuta ka hore na liente tsa COVID-19 li fana ka ts'ireletso joang, kahoo re hloka ho tsoelapele ho etsa sohle se matleng a rona ho emisa ho ata. Mohlala, ha ho tsejoe hore na motho ea entiloeng a ntse a ka jala vaerase leha a sirelelitsoe ho eona.

Ka lebaka lena, ho fihlela tse ling li tsejoa, ho sebelisa liente ka bobeli le mehato ho sireletsa ba bang ke eona tsela e molemohali ea ho lula u bolokehile hape u phetse hantle.

Haeba u na le COVID-19 kapa u na le matšoao a eona, u tlameha ho itšehla thajana lapeng 'me u qobe ho kopana le batho ba bang, kahare le kantle ho ntlo ea hau, ho qoba ho jala bokuli. Sena se bitsoa ho itšehla thajana lapeng. U lokela ho etsa sena hanghang 'me u se ke ua emela tlhahlobo efe kapa efe ea COVID-19.

• Ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, lula ka phapusing e ikhethileng 'me u qobe ba bang ka tlung ea hau. Sebelisa ntloana e ka thoko haeba u khona. Se ke oa tsoa lapeng ntle le ho ea fumana tlhokomelo ea bongaka.
• Se ke oa tsamaea ha u ntse u kula. Se ke oa sebelisa lipalangoang tsa sechaba kapa litekesi.
• Boloka tlaleho ea matšoao a hau. U ka fumana litaelo tsa hore na u ka hlahloba le ho tlaleha matšoao a hau joang.
• Lula u buisana le ngaka ea hau. Pele u ea ofising ea ngaka kapa lefapheng la maemo a tšohanyetso (ED), letsetsa pele 'me u ba bolelle hore u na le kapa u nahana hore u ka ba le COVID-19.
• Sebelisa mask oa sefahleho ha u bona mofani oa hau le ha batho ba bang ba le kamoreng e le 'ngoe le uena.Haeba u sa khone ho roala mask, ka mohlala, ka lebaka la mathata a ho hema, batho ba ka tlung ea hau ba lokela ho roala mask haeba ba hloka ho ba kamoreng e le 'ngoe le uena.
• Qoba ho ikopanya le liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng kapa liphoofolo tse ling. (SARS-CoV-2 e ka hasana ho tloha bathong ho ya diphoofolong, empa ha ho tsebahale hore sena se etsahala hangata hakae.)
• Koahela molomo le nko ka lesela kapa letsoho (eseng matsoho) ha u khohlela kapa u thimola. Marotholi a tsoang ha motho a thimola kapa a khohlela a tšoaetsana. Lahlela lisele ka mor'a tšebeliso.
• Hlatsoa matsoho hangata ka letsatsi ka sesepa le metsi a phallang bonyane metsotsoana e 20. Etsa sena pele u ja kapa u pheha lijo, kamora ho sebelisa ntloana, le ka mor'a ho khohlela, ho thimola kapa ho butsoetsa nko. Sebelisa setlolo sa letsoho se nang le joala (bonyane 60% ea joala) haeba sesepa le metsi li sa fumanehe.
• Qoba ho ama sefahleho, mahlo, nko le molomo ka matsoho a sa hlatsuoang.
• Se ke oa arolelana lintho tsa hau tse kang linoelo, lisebelisoa tsa ho jela, lithaole kapa mealo. Hlatsoa ntho efe kapa efe eo u e sebelisitseng ka sesepa le metsi.
• Hloekisa libaka tsohle tsa "high-touch" ka tlung, joalo ka lithutsoana tsa mamati, matloana a ho hlapela le kichine, matloana, lifono, matlapa le libali le libaka tse ling. Sebelisa fafatsa ntlo le ho latela litaelo tsa ts'ebeliso.

U lokela ho lula hae, u qobe ho kopana le batho, 'me u latele tataiso ea mofani oa hau le lefapha la bophelo bo botle mabapi le hore na u khaotse ho itšehla thajana neng.

Ho bohlokoa hape ho thusa ho thibela ho ata ha lefu lena ho sireletsa batho ba kotsing e kholo ea mafu a tebileng le ho sireletsa bafani ba ka pele ho sebetsana le COVID-19.

Ka lebaka leo, motho e mong le e mong o lokela ho ikoetlisa. Hona ho bolela:

• Qoba libaka tsa sechaba tse petetsaneng le lipokano tsa batho ba bangata, joalo ka libaka tsa mabenkele, libaesekopo tsa libaesekopo, liholo tsa likonsarete, likopano le mabala a lipapali.
• Se ke oa bokella ka lihlopha tse kholo ho feta 10. Batho ba fokolang bao u qetang nako le bona, ba betere.
• Lula bonyane maoto a 6 (2 metres) ho batho ba bang.
• Sebetsa lapeng (haeba seo ke khetho).
• Haeba u tlameha ho tsoa, ​​roala sefahleho kapa sekoaelo sa sefahleho sa masela libakeng tseo ho ka bang thata ho li boloka, joalo ka lebenkele la korosari.

Ho tseba hore na ho etsahalang sechabeng sa heno, sheba sebaka sa hau sa mmuso sa lehae kapa sa mmuso.

Ithute haholoanyane ka COVID-19 le uena:

• lebogang.hhs.gov
• www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling ea morao-rao ea lipatlisiso:

• covid19.nih.gov

Tlhahisoleseling ka COVID-19 e tsoang ho Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo:

• www.who.int/emergency/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

Coronavirus - 2019; Coronavirus - lenane la 2019; coronavirus e sa tlwaelehang ya 2019; SARS-CoV-2

• COVID-19
• Ioronavirus
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho
• Karolo e kaholimo ea phefumoloho
• Tsela e tlase ea phefumoloho
• Limaske tsa sefahleho li thibela ho ata ha COVID-19
• Mokhoa oa ho roala sefahleho ho thibela ho ata ha COVID-19
• Kentelo ya covid-19

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. COVID-19: U ka itšireletsa joang le ba bang. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 4 Hlakola 2021. E fihlile ka la 6 Hlakola 2021.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. COVID-19: Basebeletsi ba tsa bophelo bo botle: Tlhahisoleseling ka COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/hcp/index.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 11 Hlakola 2020. E fihlile ka la 11 Hlakola 2021.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. COVID-19: Tataiso ea bophelo bo botle ba sechaba bakeng sa tlhahiso e amanang le sechaba. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/public-health-recommendationsations.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 3 Tšitoe 2020. E fihlile ka la 6 Hlakola 2021.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. COVID-19: Lipotso tse botsoang khafetsa mabapi le ente ea COVID-19. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/faq.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 25 Pherekhong 2021. E fihlile ka la 6 Hlakola 2021.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. COVID-19: Kalafo eo mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka e khothalletsang haeba u kula. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/treatments-for-severe-illness.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 8 Tšitoe 2020. E fihlile ka la 6 Hlakola 2021.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. COVID-19: Seo u lokelang ho se etsa haeba u kula. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-iou-are-sick/steps-when-sick.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 31 December. E fihlile ka la 6 Hlakola 2021.

Mekhatlo ea Naha ea Bophelo. Tataiso ea kalafo ea COVID-19. Tsamaiso ea kalafo ea bakuli ba nang le COVID-19. www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/therapeutic-management/. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 11 Hlakola 2021. E fihlile ka la 11 Hlakola 2021.