Kankere ea matsoele ho banna

Kankere ea matsoele ke mofetše o qalang maseleng a matsoele. Banna le basali ba na le lisele tsa matsoele. Sena se bolela hore mang kapa mang, ho kenyeletsoa banna le bashanyana, a ka ba le mofetše oa matsoele.

Kankere ea matsoele ho banna ha e fumanehe hangata. Kankere ea matsoele ea banna e na le kankere ea matsoele e ka tlase ho 1%.

Lebaka la kankere ea matsoele ho banna ha le hlake. Empa ho na le mabaka a kotsi a etsang hore mofetše oa matsoele o be bonolo ho banna:

• Ho hlahisa mahlaseli a kotsi
• Maemo a phahameng a estrogen ka lebaka la lintho tse kang ho noa haholo, ho thatafala ha pelo, botenya le meriana e meng ea ho alafa mofetše oa tšoelesa ea senya
• Lefutso, joalo ka nalane ea lelapa ea mofets'e oa matsoele, liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa BRCA1 kapa BRCA2, le mathata a mang a lefutso, joalo ka lefu la Klinefelter
• Lisele tse feteletseng tsa matsoele (gynecomastia)
• Botsofali - hangata banna ba fumanoa ba na le mofetše oa matsoele lipakeng tsa lilemo tse 60 ho isa ho tse 70

Matšoao a kankere ea matsoele ho banna a kenyelletsa:

• Ho hlaha kapa ho ruruha ka har'a lisele tsa matsoele. Sefuba se seng se ka ba seholo ho feta se seng.
• Hlaka e nyane tlasa nnyo.
• Liphetoho tse sa tloaelehang ho lesea kapa letlalo le pota-potileng lesea joaloka bofubelu, ho phahama kapa ho phunya.
• Ho tsuba ha nnyo.

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla nka nalane ea hau ea bongaka le nalane ea bongaka ea lelapa. U tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele le tlhahlobo ea matsoele.

Mofani oa hau a ka odara liteko tse ling, ho kenyelletsa:

• Mammogram.
• Letsoele la matsoele.
• MRI ea letsoele.
• Haeba efe kapa efe ea liteko e bontša mofets'e, mofani oa hau o tla etsa biopsy ho lekola mofetše.

Haeba mofetše o fumanoa, mofani oa hau o tla laela liteko tse ling ho fumana:

• Kankere e ka hola kapele hakakang
• Ho na le monyetla oa hore o hasane
• Ke liphekolo life tse ka bang molemo ka ho fetisisa
• Ke menyetla efe ea hore mofetše o ka khutla

Liteko li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho hlahloba lesapo
• CT scan
• Scan ea PET
• Sentinel lymph node biopsy ho netefatsa hore na mofetše o nametse ho li-lymph node

Biopsy le liteko tse ling li tla sebelisoa ho kalla le ho hlahisa hlahala. Liphetho tsa liteko tseo li tla thusa ho tseba kalafo ea hau.

Khetho ea kalafo bakeng sa mofetše oa matsoele ho banna e kenyelletsa:

• Ho etsa opereishene ea ho tlosa sefuba, li-lymph node tlas'a letsoho, lera holim'a mesifa ea sefuba le mesifa ea sefuba, ha ho hlokahala
• Phekolo ea radiation ka mor'a ho buuoa ho bolaea lisele tse setseng tsa mofets'e le ho lebisa lihlahala tse itseng
• Chemotherapy ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše tse nametseng likarolong tse ling tsa 'mele
• Phekolo ea Hormone ho thibela lihormone tse ka thusang mefuta e itseng ea mofets'e oa matsoele ho hola

Nakong ea kalafo le kamora 'ona, mofani oa hau a ka u kopa ho etsa liteko tse ling. Sena se ka kenyelletsa liteko tseo u bileng le tsona nakong ea tlhahlobo ea hau. Liteko tse latelang li tla bontša hore na kalafo e sebetsa joang. Ba tla bonts'a hape hore na mofetše o khutla.

Kankere e ama maikutlo a hau ka uena le bophelo ba hau. U ka fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea bokuli ka ho kenela sehlopha sa ts'ehetso ea mofets'e. Ho arolelana le ba bang ba bileng le liphihlelo le mathata a tšoanang ho ka u thusa hore u ikutloe u le mong. Sehlopha se ka boela sa u supa mehloling e thusang ho sebetsana le boemo ba hau.

Kopa mofani oa hau ho u thusa ho fumana sehlopha sa tšehetso sa banna ba fumanoeng ba na le mofetše oa matsoele.

Pono ea nako e telele bakeng sa banna ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele e ntle haholo ha mofetše o fumanoa le ho phekoloa kapele.

• Hoo e ka bang 91% ea banna ba alafshoang pele mofetše o hasana libakeng tse ling tsa 'mele ha ba na mofets'e kamora lilemo tse 5.
• Hoo e ka bang banna ba bararo ho ba bane ba alafshoang ke mofetše o nametsoeng ho li-lymph node empa eseng libakeng tse ling tsa 'mele ha ba na mofets'e ka lilemo tse 5.
• Banna ba nang le mofetše o nametseng likarolong tse hole tsa 'mele ba na le monyetla o monyane oa ho phela nako e telele.

Mathata a kenyelletsa litla-morao tsa ho buuoa, radiation, le chemotherapy.

Ikopanye le mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u hlokomela ho hong ho sa tloaelehang ka sefuba sa hau, ho kenyelletsa makhopho, phetoho ea letlalo, kapa ho tsoa.

Ha ho na mokhoa o hlakileng oa ho thibela mofets'e oa matsoele ho banna. Tsela e molemohali ea ho itšireletsa ke ho:

• Tseba hore banna ba ka ba le mofetše oa matsoele
• Tseba mabaka a hau a kotsi mme o bue le mofani oa hau mabapi le ho hlahloba le ho lemoha kapele ka liteko ha ho hlokahala
• Tseba matšoao a kankere ea matsoele
• Bolella mofani oa thepa ea hau haeba u hlokomela liphetoho tse bang teng letsoeleng la hao

Ho kenella ductal carcinoma - e motona; Ductal carcinoma in situ - e motona; Intraductal carcinoma - e motona; Kankere ea matsoele e ruruhang - e motona; Paget lefu la nipple - e motona; Kankere ea matsoele - e motona

Hunt KK, Mittendorf EA. Mafu a matsoele. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Buka ea Sabiston ea Ngaka ea ho Buoa. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 34.

Jain S, Gradishar WJ. Kankere ea matsoele ea banna. Ka: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, bahlophisi. Sefuba: Tsamaiso e felletseng ea Mafu a Benign le a Kotsi. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 76.

Webosaete ea National Cancer Institute. Kalafo ea banna ea kankere ea matsoele (PDQ) - mofuta oa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/phekolo ea banna-phekolo-pdq. E ntlafalitsoe ka Phato 28, 2020. E fihlile ka la 19 Mphalane 2020.