Protheine electrophoresis - serum

Teko ena ea laboraka e lekanya mefuta ea protheine e karolong ea mokelikeli (serum) ea sampole ea mali. Mokelikeli ona o bitsoa serum.

Ho hlokahala sampole ea mali.

Ka laborateng, setsebi se beha sampole ea mali pampiring e khethehileng ebe se sebelisa motlakase. Liprotheine li tsamaea pampiring ebe li theha lihlopha tse bonts'ang palo ea protheine ka 'ngoe.

U ka kopuoa ho se je kapa ho noa lihora tse 12 pele ho tlhahlobo ena.

Meriana e meng e ka ama litholoana tsa tlhahlobo ena. Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u joetsa haeba ho hlokahala hore u khaotse ho noa meriana. Se ke oa emisa moriana leha e le ofe pele u bua le mofani oa thepa ea hau.

Ha nale e kentsoe ho hula mali, batho ba bang ba utloa bohloko bo itekanetseng. Ba bang ba ikutloa feela ho hlaba kapa ho hlaba. Kamora moo, ho ka ba le ho phatloha kapa ho longoa hanyane. Haufinyane sena sea fela.

Liprotheine li entsoe ka li-amino acid mme ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa lisele tsohle le lisele tsohle. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea liprotheine 'meleng,' me e na le mesebetsi e mengata e fapaneng. Mehlala ea liprotheine e kenyelletsa li-enzyme, lihormone tse itseng, hemoglobin, lipoprotein (LDL, kapa cholesterol e mpe) le tse ling.

Liprotheine tsa Serum li khetholloa e le albin kapa li-globulin. Albumin ke protheine e ngata ka ho fetisisa serumong. E na le limolek'hule tse ngata tse nyane. Ho bohlokoa hape ho boloka mokelikeli o sa tsoe methapong ea mali ho ea liseleng.

Li-globe li arotsoe ka alpha-1, alpha-2, beta le gamma globulins. Ka kakaretso, liprotheine tsa alpha le gamma globulin lia eketseha ha 'mele o ruruha.

Lipoprotein electrophoresis e khetha palo ea liprotheine tse entsoeng ka protheine le mafura, a bitsoang lipoprotein (joalo ka LDL cholesterol).

Mekhahlelo e tloaelehileng ea boleng ke:

• Kakaretso ea protheine: 6.4 ho isa ho 8.3 dikgerama ka desilitara e le nngwe (g / dL) kapa dikgerama tse 64 ho isa ho tse 83 ka litara (g / L)
• Albumin: 3.5 ho isa ho 5.0 g / dL kapa 35 ho isa ho 50 g / L.
• Alpha-1 globulin: 0,1 ho ea ho 0,3 g / dL kapa 1 ho isa ho 3 g / L.
• Alpha-2 globulin: 0.6 ho ea ho 1.0 g / dL kapa 6 ho isa ho 10 g / L.
• Beta globulin: 0.7 ho 1.2 g / dL kapa 7 ho isa ho 12 g / L.
• Gamma globulin: 0,7 ho isa ho 1.6 g / dL kapa 7 ho isa ho 16 g / L.

Mehlala e kaholimo ke litekanyo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa liphetho tsa liteko tsena. Mekhahlelo e tloaelehileng ea boleng e ka fapana hanyane hara lilaboratori tse fapaneng. Li-lab tse ling li sebelisa litekanyo tse fapaneng kapa li leka liteko tse fapaneng. Bua le mofani oa hau ka moelelo oa liphetho tsa hau tse ikhethang.

Ho fokotseha ha protheine e ka bonts'a:

• Tahlehelo e sa tloaelehang ea protheine e tsoang tšilong ea lijo kapa ho se khonehe ha tšilo ea lijo ho monya liprotheine (enteropathy e lahleheloang ke protheine)
• Khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng
• Bothata ba liphio bo bitsoang nephrotic syndrome
• Ho phatloha ha sebete le ho fokola ha sebete (cirrhosis)

Ho eketseha ha liprotheine tsa alpha-1 globulin ho ka bakoa ke:

• Lefu le bohloko la ho ruruha
• Kankere
• Lefu le sa foleng la ho ruruha (mohlala, ramatiki ea ramatiki, SLE)

Ho fokotseha ha liprotheine tsa alpha-1 globulin e kanna ea ba sesupo sa:

• Khaello ea alpha-1 ea antitrypsin

Liprotheine tse eketsehileng tsa alpha-2 globulin li ka supa:

• Ho ruruha ho matla
• Ho ruruha ho sa foleng

Ho fokotseha ha liprotheine tsa alpha-2 globulin ho ka supa:

• Ho senyeha ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (hemolysis)

Liprotheine tse eketsehileng tsa beta globulin li ka bonts'a:

• Bothata boo 'mele o nang le mathata a ho senya mafura (mohlala, hyperlipoproteinemia, lelapa hypercholesterolemia)
• Phekolo ea Estrogen

Ho fokotseha ha liprotheine tsa beta globulin ho ka supa:

• Boemo bo tlase ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang oa LDL cholesterol
• Khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng

Liprotheine tse eketsehileng tsa gamma globulin li ka supa:

• Kankere ea mali, ho kenyeletsoa myeloma e mengata, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, li-lymphomas le li-leukemias tse sa foleng tsa lymphocytic
• Lefu le sa foleng la ho ruruha (mohlala, ramatiki ea ramatiki)
• Tšoaetso e matla
• Boloetse bo sa foleng ba sebete

Ha ho na kotsi e kholo ea ho nkuoa mali a hau. Methapo le methapo li fapana ka boholo ho tloha ho motho e mong ho ea ho o mong, le ho tloha lehlakoreng le leng la 'mele ho ea ho le leng. Ho nka mali ho batho ba bang ho ka ba thata ho feta ho ba bang.

Likotsi tse ling tse amanang le ho huloa mali li nyane, empa li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho tsoa mali a mangata
• Ho akheha kapa ho ikutloa o le hlooho e boima
• Li-punctures tse ngata ho fumana methapo
  
• Hematoma (mali a hahiloeng ka tlas'a letlalo)
• Tšoaetso (kotsi e nyane neng kapa neng ha letlalo le robehile)

TS'EPANG

• Teko ea mali

CC ea Chernecky, Berger BJ. Protheine electrophoresis - serum. Ka: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, bahlophisi. Liteko tsa Laboraro le Mekhoa ea Tlhatlhobo. La 6th. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 917-920.

Munshi NC, Jagannath S. Plasma li-neoplasms. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 86.

Warner EA, Herold AH. Ho fetolela liteko tsa laboratori. Ka: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, bahlophisi. Buka ea bongaka ea Meriana ea Lelapa. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 14.