Meepo ea liminerale e chefo

Meea ea liminerale ke lik'hemik'hale tse metsi tse sebelisetsoang ho penta 'mele ebile e le setlolo. Chefo ea meea ea matsoai e etsahala ha motho e mong a koenya kapa a hema (a hema) mosi oa meea ea diminerale.

Sengoliloeng sena ke sa tlhahisoleseling feela. SE KE UA e sebelisa ho alafa kapa ho laola chefo ea 'nete. Haeba uena kapa motho e mong eo u nang le eena a e-na le ts'oaetso, letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911), kapa setsi sa hau sa chefo sa lehae se ka fihleloa ka kotloloho ka ho letsetsa mohala oa naha oa mahala oa Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) ho tloha kae kapa kae United States.

Metsoako e chefo ea meea ea diminerale ke li-hydrocarbon, e leng lintho tse nang le hydrogen le carbon feela. Mehlala ke benzene le methane.

Lintho tsena li ka fumanoa ho:

• Meea ea liminerale (Stoddard solvent)
• Metsi a mang a hloekisang a ommeng
• Mefuta e meng ea boka ba fatše le thepa ea ka tlung le lipolishe
• Lipente tse ling
• Meea e tšoeu

Hlokomela: Lethathamo lena le kanna la se kenyeletse kaofela.

Chefo ea moea ea matsoai e ka baka matšoao likarolong tse ngata tsa 'mele.

LIEKETSENG MAHALA

• Bothata ba ho hema (ho tsoa inhalation)
• Ho ruruha ha 'metso (ho ka baka mathata a ho hema)

MAHLO, DITSE, NKO LE MORO

• Bohloko bo boholo 'metso
• Ho opeloa haholo kapa ho chesa nko, mahlo, litsebe, molomo kapa leleme
• Ho lahleheloa ke pono

MALIMA LE MATSOSO

• Bohloko ba mpeng - bo matla
• Mantle a mali
• Ho chesa ha 'metso (phala ea lijo)
• Ho hlatsa, mohlomong le mali

PELO LE MALI

• Koala
• Khatello ea mali e tlase - e hlaha kapele (ho tshoha)
• Ho otla ha pelo kapele

LITLHAKISO MOKHOA

• Ho chesa maikutlo
• Ho tsitsipana (ho oa)
• Botsoa
• Ho lahleheloa ke tlhokomelo
• Mathata a ho hopola
• Ho tšoha
• Ho ba bohatsu matsohong le maotong

LEHATA

• Chesa
• Ho teneha
• Necrosis (masoba) letlalong kapa lisele tse ka tlase

Batla thuso ea bongaka hang-hang. U SE KE ua etsa hore motho a lahlele ntle le haeba a bolelloe hore a etse joalo ka taolo ea chefo kapa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Haeba khemik'hale e le letlalong kapa mahlong, tšela metsi a mangata bonyane metsotso e 15.

Haeba khemikhale e metsoe, fa motho eo metsi kapa lebese hanghang, ntle le haeba a laetsoe ka tsela e ngoe ke mofani. O SE KE WA fana ka metsi kapa lebese haeba motho a e-na le matšoao (a kang ho hlatsa, ho tsitsipana kapa boemo bo fokotsehileng ba tlhokomeliso) bo etsang hore ho be thata ho koenya.

Haeba motho a phefumoloha chefo, mo ise hang hang moeeng o hloekileng.

Fumana lintlha tse latelang:

• Lilemo tsa motho, boima ba hae, le boemo ba hae
• Lebitso la sehlahisoa (metsoako le matla, haeba li tsejoa)
• Nako ha e metsoa
• Palo e metsitsoe

Setsi sa heno sa taolo ea chefo se ka fihlelleha ka kotloloho ka ho letsetsa mohala oa naha oa mahala oa Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) ho tsoa kae kapa kae United States. Nomoro ena ea mohala o tla u lumella hore u bue le litsebi tsa chefo. Ba tla u fa litaelo tse ling.

Ena ke ts'ebeletso ea mahala le ea lekunutu. Litsi tsohle tsa lehae tsa taolo ea chefo United States li sebelisa nomoro ena ea naha. O lokela ho letsetsa haeba o na le lipotso mabapi le chefo kapa thibelo ea chefo. HA HO hlokahale hore e be boemo ba tšohanyetso. O ka letsetsa lebaka lefe kapa lefe, lihora tse 24 ka letsatsi, matsatsi a 7 ka beke.

Tsamaea le setshelo seo ha u ea sepetlele haeba ho khoneha.

Mofani oa thepa o tla lekanya le ho lekola matšoao a bohlokoa a motho eo, ho kenyelletsa mocheso, ho otla ha pelo, sekhahla sa ho hema le khatello ea mali. Matšoao a tla tšoaroa a loketse. Motho a ka amohela:

• Liteko tsa mali le moroto
• Ts'ehetso ea ho hema, ho kenyelletsa oksijene ka har'a tube ka matšoafong, le mochini o phefumolohang (ventilator)
• Bronchoscopy - kh'amera tlase 'metsong ho batla ho chesoa moeeng le matšoafong (haeba chefo e ne e ts'oetsoe)
• X-ray sefubeng
• ECG (ho latela pelo)
• Endoscopy - kh'amera e theohelang qoqothong ho ea batla licheso ka mpeng le ka mpeng
• Maro a tsoang mothapong (ka IV)
• Meriana ea ho khutlisa phello ea chefo le ho phekola matšoao
• Ho tlosoa ha letlalo la letlalo le chesitsoeng (ho senyeha ha letlalo)
• Tšoaea ka hanong ho kena ka mpeng ho noa mpa. Sena se etsoa feela ha motho a fumana tlhokomelo ea meriana nakong ea metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 45 ea chefo, mme karolo e kholo haholo ea ntho e koetsoe.
• Ho hlatsoa letlalo (nosetso) - mohlomong lihora tse ling le tse ling tse 'maloa ka matsatsi a' maloa

Hore na motho o sebetsa hantle hakae ho latela hore na o metsoe ke chefo e kae le hore na kalafo e fumanoe kapele hakae. Ha motho a fumana thuso ea bongaka kapele, monyetla oa ho fola o betere.

Ho koenya chefo e joalo ho ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe likarolong tse ngata tsa 'mele. Ho chesa tseleng kapa ka mpeng ho ka lebisa lefung la lisele. Sena se ka baka ts'oaetso, ts'abo le lefu, esita le likhoeli tse 'maloa kamora hore ntho e metsoe. Matšoao a mahlaseli libakeng tse amehileng a ka lebisa mathateng a nako e telele ka ho hema, ho metsa le ho tsuba.

Mofenson HC, Caraccio TR, McGujigan M, Greensher J. Bongaka ba toxicology. Ka: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Phekolo ea Hajoale ea Conn ea 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 1281-1334.

Wang GS, Buchanan JA. Li-hydrocarbon. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 152.