Sengoli: Gregory Harris
Letsatsi La Creation: 12 April 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 1 November 2024
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Ho fetisoa ha methapo e meholo (TGA) ke bofokoli ba pelo bo hlahang ho tloha tsoalong (congenital). Metsing e 'meli e meholo e tsamaisang mali hole le pelo - aorta le methapo ea methapo - ea fetoha (ea fetoloa).

Lebaka la TGA ha le tsejoe. Ha e amane le mofuta o le mong o tloaelehileng oa liphatsa tsa lefutso. E etsahala ka seoelo ho litho tse ling tsa lelapa.

TGA ke lefu la cyanotic pelo. Sena se bolela hore ho na le oksijene e fokotsehileng maling e pompeloang ho tloha pelong ho ea ho mmele o mong.

Ka lipelong tse tloaelehileng, mali a khutlang 'meleng a feta lehlakoreng le letona la pelo le methapo ea methapo ho ea matšoafong ho fumana oksijene. Mali a ntoo khutlela lehlakoreng le letšehali la pelo ebe a tsoa aorta ho ea 'meleng.

Ho TGA, mali a maqhubu a khutla ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng pelong ka atrium e nepahetseng. Empa, ho fapana le ho ea matšoafong ho monya oksijene, mali ana a pompeloa ka har'a aorta ebe a khutlela 'meleng. Mali ana ha a so ka a nchafatsoa ka oksijene mme a lebisa ho cyanosis.


Matšoao a hlaha ha a hlaha kapa kapelenyana ka mor'a moo. Matšoao a mabe hakaalo a ipapisitse le mofuta le boholo ba liphoso tse ling tsa pelo (joalo ka sekoli sa atrial septal, ventricular septal defect, kapa patent ductus arteriosus) le hore na mali a ka tsoakana hakae lipakeng tsa lipallo tse peli tse sa tloaelehang.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

  • Boputsoa ba letlalo
  • Ho ts'oarana ha menoana kapa menoana ea maoto
  • Ho fepa hampe
  • Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka utloa ho honotha ha pelo ha a ntse a mametse sefuba ka stethoscope. Molomo le letlalo la ngoana e tla ba 'mala o moputsoa.

Liteko hangata li kenyelletsa tse latelang:

  • Catheterization ea pelo
  • X-ray sefubeng
  • ECG
  • Echocardiogram (haeba e etsoa pele ho tsoalo, e bitsoa fetal echocardiogram)
  • Pulse oximetry (ho lekola boemo ba oksijene ea mali)

Mohato oa pele oa kalafo ke ho lumella mali a nang le oksijene hore a tsoakane le mali a haelloang ke oksijene. Lesea le tla fumana hanghang moriana o bitsoang prostaglandin ka IV (intravenous line).Meriana ena e thusa ho boloka sejana sa mali se bitsoang ductus arteriosus se bulehile, se lumella ho kopantsoe hoa mali a mabeli. Maemong a mang, ho buloa pakeng tsa atrium e ka letsohong le letona le le letšehali ho ka etsoa ka ts'ebetso ea ho sebelisa catheter ea ballo. Sena se lumella mali ho tsoakana. Tsamaiso ena e tsejoa e le balloon atrial septostomy.


Kalafo e sa feleng e kenyelletsa ho buuoa ka pelo nakong eo methapo e meholo e khaoang ebe e rokelloa boemong ba eona bo nepahetseng. Sena se bitsoa arterial switch operation (ASO). Pele ho nts'etsopele ea ts'ebetso ena, ho ile ha sebelisoa opereishene e bitsoang anrial switch (kapa ts'ebetso ea Mustard kapa ts'ebetso ea Senning).

Matšoao a ngoana a tla ntlafala kamora ho buuoa ho lokisa sekoli. Boholo ba masea a kenang liseleng ha a na matšoao kamora ho buuoa mme a phela bophelo bo tloaelehileng. Haeba ho sa etsoa opereishene ea khalemelo, nako ea bophelo ke likhoeli feela.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

  • Mathata a methapo ea mali
  • Mathata a li-valve tsa pelo
  • Lipelo tse sa tloaelehang tsa pelo (arrhythmias)

Boemo bona bo ka fumanoa pele ho tsoalo ho sebelisoa fetal echocardiogram. Haeba ho se joalo, hangata e fumanoa kapele kamora hore ngoana a hlahe.

E-ea kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso kapa u letsetse nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911) haeba letlalo la ngoana oa hau le hlaha ka 'mala o moputsoa, ​​haholo sefahlehong kapa kutung.


Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba ngoana oa hau a e-na le boemo bona mme matšoao a macha a hlaha, a mpefala, kapa a tsoelapele kamora kalafo.

Basali ba rerileng ho ima ba lokela ho entoa khahlanong le rubella haeba ba se ba ntse ba sa itšireletse mafung. Ho ja hantle, ho qoba joala, le ho laola lefu la tsoekere pele le nakong ea bokhachane ho ka ba molemo.

d-TGA; Congenital pelo sekoli - phetoho; Lefu la pelo la cyanotic - phetoho; Bothata ba tsoalo - phetoho; Ho fetisoa ha likepe tse kholo; TGV

  • Phekolo ea pelo ea bana - ho tsoa
  • Pelo - karolo ho ea bohareng
  • Pelo - pono e ka pele
  • Ho fetisoa ha likepe tse kholo

Bernstein D. Cyanotic congenital lefu la pelo: tlhahlobo ea bana ba kulang haholo ba nang le cyanosis le khatello ea phefumoloho. Ka: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 456.

CD ea Fraser, Kane LC. Lefu la pelo ea Congenital. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Motheo oa Biological oa Tloaelo ea Kajeno ea Thibelo. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 58.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Congenital lefu la pelo ho motho e moholo le mokuli oa bana. Ka: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Lefu la pelo la Braunwald: Buka ea bongaka ea meriana ea pelo. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 75.

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