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Lefu la Huntington (HD) ke lefu la lefutso leo ho lona lisele tsa methapo ea kutlo likarolong tse ling tsa boko li senyehang, kapa ho senyeha. Lefu lena le fetisoa ka malapa.

HD e bakoa ke bofokoli ba liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa chromosome 4. Bofokoli bona bo etsa hore karolo ea DNA e etsahale ka makhetlo a mangata ho feta kamoo e neng e lokela ho etsahala kateng. Bothata bona bo bitsoa ho pheta-phetoa ke CAG. Ka tloaelo, karolo ena ea DNA e phetoa makhetlo a 10 ho isa ho a 28. Empa ho batho ba nang le HD, e phetoa makhetlo a 36 ho isa ho 120.

Ha liphatsa tsa lefutso li fetisoa ka malapa, palo ea ho pheta e atisa ho ba kholo. Ha palo e phetoa e le kholoanyane, e phahamisa monyetla oa motho oa ho ba le matšoao a sa le monyane lilemong. Ka hona, ha lefu lena le fetela malapeng, matšoao a ba teng lilemong tse nyane le tse nyane.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea HD:

  • Ho qala ha batho ba baholo ke hona ho atileng haholo. Batho ba nang le foromo ena hangata ba ba le matšoao a mahareng a 30 kapa 40.
  • Ho qala kapele ho ama palo e fokolang ea batho mme ho qala bongoaneng kapa lilemong tsa bocha.

Haeba e mong oa batsoali ba hau a na le HD, o na le monyetla oa 50% oa ho fumana lefutso. Haeba u fumana liphatsa tsa lefutso ho batsoali ba hau, u ka li fetisetsa ho bana ba hau, bao le bona ba tla ba le monyetla oa 50% oa ho fumana lefutso. Haeba u sa fumane lefutso ho batsoali ba hau, u ke ke ua fetisetsa lefutso baneng ba hau.


Boitšoaro bo sa tloaelehang bo ka hlaha pele mathata a motsamao a hlaha, mme a ka kenyelletsa:

  • Litšitiso tsa boitšoaro
  • Litlelase
  • Ho teneha
  • Ho fetoha maikutlo
  • Ho hloka botsitso kapa ho tsitsinyeha
  • Paranoia
  • Kelello ea kelello

Mehato e sa tloaelehang le e sa tloaelehang e kenyelletsa:

  • Ho sisinyeha ha sefahleho, ho kenyelletsa le grimace
  • Hlooho ho retelehela ho jarisa boemo ba leihlo
  • Ho sisinyeha ka potlako, ka tšohanyetso, ka linako tse ling ho sisinyeha ho hlaha ha matsoho, maoto, sefahleho le likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele
  • Ho tsamaea butle, ho sa laoleheng
  • Tsela e sa tsitsang, ho kenyelletsa "ho ithekisa" le ho tsamaea ka bophara

Ho sisinyeha ho sa tloaelehang ho ka lebisa ho oeng.

Dementia e ntseng e mpefala butle-butle, ho kenyelletsa:

  • Ho ferekana kapa ho ferekana
  • Ho lahleheloa ke kahlolo
  • Ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo
  • Botho boa fetoha
  • Liphetoho tsa puo, joalo ka ho khefutsa ha u ntse u bua

Matšoao a mang a ka amanang le lefu lena a kenyelletsa:

  • Matšoenyeho, khatello ea maikutlo le tsitsipano
  • Ho thata ho koenya
  • Ho senyeha ha puo

Matšoao ho bana:


  • Ho tenyetseha
  • Ho tsamaea butle
  • Ho thothomela

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele' me a ka botsa ka nalane le matšoao a lelapa la mokuli. Ho tla hlahlojoa le tsamaiso ea methapo.

Liteko tse ling tse ka bonts'ang matšoao a lefu la Huntington li kenyelletsa:

  • Ho lekoa kelellong
  • Hlooho ea CT kapa ea MRI
  • Tlhatlhobo ea PET (isotope) ea boko

Ho hlahlojoa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso hoa fumaneha ho fumana hore na motho o jere liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa lefu la Huntington.

Ha ho na pheko ea HD. Ha ho na mokhoa o tsebahalang oa ho thibela lefu lena ho mpefala. Morero oa kalafo ke ho fokotsa matšoao le ho thusa motho ho sebetsa nako e telele kamoo ho ka khonehang.

Meriana e ka laeloa, ho latela matšoao.

  • Dopamine blockers e ka thusa ho fokotsa boits'oaro le metsamao e sa tloaelehang.
  • Lithethefatsi tse kang amantadine le tetrabenazine li sebelisetsoa ho leka ho laola motsamao o mong.

Ho tepella maikutlo le ho ipolaea ho atile har'a batho ba nang le HD. Ho bohlokoa hore bahlokomeli ba hlahlobe matšoao le ho batla thuso ea bongaka hanghang.


Ha lefu lena le ntse le tsoela pele, motho o tla hloka thuso le tlhokomelo, mme qetellong a ka hloka tlhokomelo ea lihora tse 24.

Lisebelisoa tsena li ka fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka HD:

  • Mokhatlo oa Mafu a Huntington oa Amerika - hdsa.org
  • Referense ea Lehae la NIH Genetics - ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/huntington-disease

HD e baka bokooa bo mpefalang ha nako e ntse e ea. Hangata batho ba nang le HD ba shoa pele ho feta lilemo tse 15 ho isa ho tse 20. Sesosa sa lefu hangata ke tšoaetso. Ho ipolaea le hona ho atile.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore HD e ama batho ka tsela e fapaneng. Palo ea pheta-pheto ea CAG e kanna ea supa ho tiea ha matšoao. Batho ba pheta-phetoang makhetlo a 'maloa ba ka ba le metsamao e sa tloaelehang hamonate hamorao bophelong le tsoelo-pele e fokolang ea mafu. Ba nang le palo e kholo ea ho pheta-pheta ba ka ameha hampe ba sa le banyenyane.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba uena kapa setho sa lelapa se hlahisa matšoao a HD.

Tlhabollo ea lefutso e eletsoa haeba ho na le nalane ea lelapa ea HD. Litsebi li boetse li khothaletsa tlhabollo ea lefutso ho banyalani ba nang le nalane ea malapa ea lefu lena ba nahanang ho ba le bana.

Huntington chorea

Caron NS, Wright GEB, Hayden MR Monghali. Lefu la Huntington. Ka: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, et al, eds. Litlhahlobo. Seattle, WA: Univesithi ea Washington. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1305. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 5 Phupu 2018. E fihlile ka Mots'eanong 30, 2019.

Lefu la Jankovic J. Parkinson le mathata a mang a motsamao. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 96.

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