Bokooa ba 'mele

Cerebral palsy ke sehlopha sa mathata a ka kenyelletsang boko, bo amang mesebetsi ea methapo, joalo ka motsamao, ho ithuta, ho utloa, ho bona le ho nahana.

Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea "cerebral palsy", ho kenyeletsoa spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, hypotonic le tsoakane.

Cerebral palsy e bakoa ke likotsi kapa ho se tloaelehang hoa boko. Bongata ba mathata ana a etsahala ha lesea le ntse le hola ka popelong. Empa li ka etsahala neng kapa neng nakong ea lilemo tse 2 tse qalang tsa bophelo, ha boko ba lesea bo ntse bo hola.

Ho batho ba bang ba nang le lefu la boko, likarolo tsa boko li tsoa likotsi ka lebaka la boemo bo tlase ba oksijene (hypoxia) libakeng tseo. Ha ho tsejoe hore na hobaneng sena se etsahala.

Bana ba pele ho nako ba na le kotsi e batlang e le hanyane ea ho ba le lefu la bokooa. Cerebral palsy le eona e ka hlaha ho tloha boseeng ka lebaka la maemo a 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa:

• Ho tsoa mali bokong
• Ts'oaetso ea boko (encephalitis, meningitis, tšoaetso ea herpes simplex)
• Kotsi ea hlooho
• Ts'oaetso ho mme nakong ea bokhachane (rubella)
• Jaundice e sa alafshoang
• Likotsi tsa boko nakong ea pelehi

Maemong a mang, sesosa sa lefu la boko ha se mohla se tsejoang.

Matšoao a lefu la boko a ka fapana haholo lipakeng tsa batho ba nang le sehlopha sena sa mathata. Matšoao a ka:

• E-ba bonolo haholo kapa u be matla haholo
• Kena feela lehlakore le le leng la 'mele kapa mahlakore ka bobeli
• Eba ea tsebahalang haholoanyane matsohong kapa maotong, kapa kenya letsoho le maoto ka bobeli

Matšoao a bonahala hangata pele ngoana a le lilemo li 2. Ka linako tse ling matšoao a qala likhoeling tse tharo. Batsoali ba ka hlokomela hore ngoana oa bona o liehile ho fihlela methati ea kholo joalo ka ho lula, ho theteha, ho khasa kapa ho tsamaea.

Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea "cerebral palsy". Batho ba bang ba na le matšoao a fapaneng.

Spastic cerebral palsy ke mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo. Matšoao a kenyelletsa:

• Mesifa e thata haholo 'me ha e otlolohe. Li kanna tsa tiisa le ho feta ha nako e ntse e tsamaea.
• Ho tsamaea ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang (gait) - matsoho a kentsoeng mahlakoreng, mangole a tšela kapa a amang, maoto a etsa metsamao "lisekere", a tsamaea ka menoana.
• Manonyeletso a tiile mme ha a bulehe hohle (a bitswang tumellano ya kopanelo).
• Bofokoli ba mesifa kapa tahlehelo ea motsamao sehlopheng sa mesifa (ho shoa litho).
• Matšoao a ka ama letsoho kapa leoto le le leng, lehlakore le leng la 'mele, maoto ka bobeli, kapa matsoho le maoto ka bobeli.

Matšoao a latelang a ka hlaha mefuteng e meng ea lefu la boko:

• Ho sisinyeha ho sa tloaelehang (ho sotha, ho thekesela kapa ho ohla) ha matsoho, maoto, matsoho kapa maoto ha o tsohile, ho mpefalang nakong ea khatello ea maikutlo.
• Litšisinyeho
• Tsela e sa tsitsang
• Tahlehelo ea khokahano
• Mesifa Floppy, haholo-holo nakong ea phomolo, le manonyeletso a tsamaeang haholo

Matšoao a mang a boko le methapo a ka kenyelletsa:

• Mathata a ho ithuta a atile, empa bohlale e ka ba bo tloaelehileng
• Mathata a puo (dysarthria)
• Mathata a ho utloa kapa a pono
• Ho oa
• Bohloko, haholo-holo ho batho ba baholo, bo ka bang thata ho bo laola

Matšoao a ho ja le ho sila lijo:

• Ho ba thata ho anyesa kapa ho fepa masea, kapa ho hlafuna le ho metsa bana ba baholo le batho ba baholo
• Ho hlatsa kapa ho sokela

Matšoao a mang:

• Keketseho ea marotholi
• Butle ho feta kholo e tloaelehileng
• Ho phefumoloha ho sa tloaelehang
• Ho se its'oare ha urinary

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo e felletseng ea methapo ea kutlo. Ho batho ba baholo, ho etsa liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le hona ho bohlokoa.

Liteko tse ling li ka etsoa ha ho hlokahala, hangata ho felisa mathata a mang:

• Liteko tsa mali
• Tlhatlhobo ea hlooho ea CT
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Skrine ea kutlo
• MRI ea hlooho
• Teko ea pono

Ha ho na pheko ea lefu la boko. Morero oa kalafo ke ho thusa motho hore a ikemele ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.

Kalafo e hloka mokhoa oa sehlopha, ho kenyelletsa:

• Ngaka ea tlhokomelo ea mantlha
• Ngaka ea meno (ho hlahlojoa meno ho khothaletsoa ho pota likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tsa 6)
• Mosebeletsi oa sechaba
• Baoki
• Lingaka tsa mosebetsing, 'meleng le puong
• Litsebi tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa ngaka ea methapo, ngaka ea tlhabollo, pulmonologist le gastroenterologist

Kalafo e ipapisitse le matšoao a motho eo le tlhoko ea ho thibela mathata.

Boinotšing le tlhokomelo ea lapeng li kenyelletsa:

• Ho fumana lijo le phepo e lekaneng
• Ho boloka lehae le sireletsehile
• Ho etsa boikoetliso bo khothalletsoang ke bafani
• Ho itloaetsa tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea mala (liluloana tsa setuloana, maro, fiber, litlolo, litloaelo tse tloaelehileng tsa mala)
• Ho sireletsa manonyeletso ho tsoa kotsi

Ho khothaletsa ho beha ngoana likolong tse tloaelehileng ntle le haeba ho holofala 'meleng kapa kholo ea kelello ho etsa hore sena se se ke sa khoneha. Thuto e khethehileng kapa sekolo se ka thusa.

Tse latelang li ka thusa ka puisano le ho ithuta:

• Likhalase
• Lithuso tsa kutlo
• Litšila tsa mesifa le masapo
• Lithuso tsa ho tsamaea
• Likoloeana tsa batho ba holofetseng

Phekolo ea 'mele, kalafo ea mosebetsing, thuso ea masapo, kapa kalafo tse ling le tsona li ka hlokahala ho thusa ka mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi le tlhokomelo.

Meriana e ka kenyelletsa:

• Li-anticonvulsants ho thibela kapa ho fokotsa makhetlo a ho oa
• Chefo ea Botulinum ho thusa ka ho qepha le ho rotha
• Li-relaxation tsa mesifa ho fokotsa ho thothomela le ho phatloha ho hoholo

Phekolo e kanna ea hlokahala maemong a mang ho:

• Laola reflux ea gastroesophageal
• Khaola methapo e itseng mokokotlong ho thusa ka bohloko le ho hlaka
• Beha liphaephe tsa ho fepa
• Lokolla likonteraka tse kopanetsoeng

Ho imeloa kelellong le ho tepella har'a batsoali le bahlokomeli ba bang ba batho ba nang le lefu la boko ho tloaelehile. Batla tšehetso le tlhaiso-leseling e batsi mekhatlong e sebetsanang le lefu la boko.

Cerebral palsy ke bothata ba bophelo bohle. Tlhokomelo ea nako e telele e ka hlokahala. Boloetse bona ha bo ame bolelele ba bophelo bo lebelletsoeng. Palo ea bokooa e fapana.

Batho ba baholo ba bangata ba khona ho lula sechabeng, ka boikemelo kapa ka maemo a fapaneng a thuso.

Cerebral palsy e ka baka mathata a latelang a bophelo bo botle:

• Ho fokotsa masapo (osteoporosis)
• Tšitiso ea mala
• Ho senyeha ha letheka le ramatiki lenonyellong ea letheka
• Likotsi tsa ho oa
• Liso tsa khatello
• Likonteraka tse kopanetsoeng
• Pneumonia e bakoang ke ho bipetsana
• Phepo e fosahetseng
• Tsebo e fokotsehileng ea puisano (ka linako tse ling)
• Bohlale bo fokotsehileng (ka linako tse ling)
• Scoliosis
• Ho oa (hoo e ka bang halofo ea batho ba anngoeng ke lefu la boko)
• Sekhobo sechabeng

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba matšoao a lefu la boko a hlaha, haholo-holo haeba u tseba hore kotsi e etsahetse nakong ea tsoalo kapa bongoaneng.

Ho fumana tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea bakhachane ho ka fokotsa menyetla ea lisosa tse ling tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefu la boko. Maemong a mangata leha ho le joalo, kotsi e bakang bothata ha e qojoe.

Bo-'mè ba nang le bakhachane ba nang le maemo a itseng a bongaka ba ka hloka ho lateloa tleliniking ea bakhachane e kotsing e kholo.

Ho holofala ho hoholo; Ho shoa litho - spastic; Sekhahla sa hemiplegia; Splegly diplegia; Spastic quadriplegia

• Phepo e nepahetseng - mathata a ho laola ngoana
• Gastrostomy e fepa tube - bolus
• Jejunostomy tube ea ho fepa

• Sisteme ea methapo e bohareng le methapo ea methapo

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