Ho laola boima ba 'mele nakong ea bokhachane

Basali ba bangata ba lokela ho fumana liponto tse 25 ho isa ho tse 35 nakong ea bokhachane. Boholo bo tla fumana liponto tse 2 ho isa ho tse 4 (1 ho ea ho 2 kilograms) nakong ea trimester ea pele, ebe boima ba khilograma e le 'ngoe ka beke bakeng sa bokhachane kaofela. Boima ba boima ba 'mele bo ipapisitse le boemo ba hau.

• Basali ba nang le boima bo feteletseng ba hloka ho fokotsa (15 ho 25 liponto kapa 7 ho 11 kilograms kapa ka tlase, ho latela boima ba bona ba pele ho boimana).
• Basali ba tlase boima ba 'mele ba tla hloka ho fumana ho feta (liponto tse 28 ho isa ho tse 40 kapa tse 13 ho isa ho tse 18).
• U lokela ho ba le boima bo eketsehileng ba 'mele ha u na le lesea le fetang le le leng. Basali ba nang le mafahla ba hloka ho fumana liponto tse 37 ho isa ho tse 54 (16.5 ho isa ho 24.5 kilograms).

Lijo tse leka-lekaneng, tse nang le limatlafatsi, hammoho le boikoetliso, ke motheo oa bokhachane bo phetseng hantle.Bakeng sa basali ba bangata ba bakhachane, likhalori tse nepahetseng ke:

• Lik'halori tse 1,800 ka letsatsi ho trimester ea pele
• Lik'hilojule tse 2 200 ka letsatsi ka trimester ea bobeli
• Lik'hilojule tse 2 400 ka letsatsi ka trimester ea boraro

Boholo ba boima boo u bo fumanang nakong ea bokhachane ha bo mafura, empa bo amana le lesea. Mona ke ho senyeha hoa hore na liponto tse 35 (16 kilogram) li eketsa joang:

• Lesea: liponto tse 8 (3.5 kilograms)
• Placenta: liponto tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 (1 ho isa ho 1.5 kilograms)
• Amniotic fluid: liponto tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 (1 ho isa ho 1.5 kilograms)
• Lisele tsa matsoele: liponto tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 (1 ho isa ho 1.5 kilograms)
• Phepelo ea mali: liponto tse 4 (2 kilograms)
• Mabenkele a mafura: lik'hilograma tse 5 ho isa ho tse 4
• Khōlo ea popelo: lik'hilograma tse peli ho isa ho tse 2,5

Basali ba bang ba se ba ntse ba le batenya ha ba ima. Basali ba bang ba nona kapele haholo nakong ea bokhachane. Ka tsela efe kapa efe, mokhachane ha aa lokela ho ja kapa ho leka ho theola boima ba 'mele nakong ea bokhachane.

Ho molemo ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho ja lijo tse nepahetseng le ho lula u le mafolofolo. Haeba u sa nona boima bo lekaneng nakong ea bokhachane, uena le ngoana oa hau le ka ba le mathata.

Leha ho le joalo, o ka etsa liphetoho lijong tsa hau ho fumana limatlafatsi tseo o li hlokang ntle le ho ba le boima bo feteletseng. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho fumana thuso ka ho rala phepo e nepahetseng.

Ka tlase ke malebela a phepo e nepahetseng ho u thusa ho qala.

Likhetho tse phetseng hantle:

• Litholoana le meroho e mecha li etsa lijo tse bobebe tse bobebe. Li tletse livithamini ebile li na le lik’hilojule tse fokolang le mafura.
• Ja bohobe, li-crackers le lijo-thollo tse entsoeng ka lithollo.
• Khetha lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse fokotsitsoeng. U hloka bonyane li-servings tse 4 tsa lihlahisoa tsa lebese letsatsi ka leng. Leha ho le joalo, ho sebelisa lebese la skim, 1%, kapa 2% ho tla fokotsa haholo palo ea likhalori le mafura ao u a jang. Hape khetha chisi e se nang mafura kapa mafura kapa yogurt.

Lijo tse lokelang ho qojoa:

• Ka tlhaho tse tsoekere li molemo ho feta lijo le lino tse nang le tsoekere e ekelitsoeng kapa lintho tse tsoekere tsa maiketsetso.
• Lijo le lino tse thathamisang tsoekere kapa sirapo ea poone e le e 'ngoe ea metsoako ea pele ha se khetho e ntle.
• Lino tse ngata tse tsoekere li na le lik’hilojule tse ngata. Bala lengolo 'me u hlokomele lino tse nang le tsoekere e ngata. Kenya metsi bakeng sa lino-mapholi le lino tsa litholoana.
• Qoba ho ja lijo tse senang phepo e ntle tse kang li-chips, lipompong, kuku, li-cookie le ice cream. Tsela e molemohali ea ho ithiba ho se je lijo tse se nang phepo kapa lijo tse bobebe tse sa jeoang ke ho se be le lijo tsena ka tlung ea hau.
• Khantša mafura. Mafura a kenyelletsa lioli tsa ho pheha, majarine, botoro, raese, lisose, mayonnaise, masela a tloaelehileng a salate, mafura a kolobe, tranelate e bolila le chisi ea tranelate. Leka mefuta e mafura a tlaase ea lijo tsena.

Ho ja:

• Ho tseba palo ea likhalori, mafura le letsoai lijong tsa hau ho ka u thusa ho ja bophelo bo botle.
• Lireschorente tse ngata li na le lintlha tsa limmapa le tsa phepo e nepahetseng liwebosaeteng tsa bona. Sebelisa tsena ho rera esale pele.
• Ka kakaretso, ja libakeng tse fanang ka lisalate, sopho le meroho.
• Qoba lijo tse potlakileng.

Ho pheha lapeng:

• Lokisetsa lijo ka mekhoa ea ho pheha e mafura a tlase.
• Qoba lijo tse halikiloeng. Lijo tse halikiloeng ka oli kapa botoro li tla eketsa likhalori le mafura a lijo.
• Ho baka, ho pheha, ho pheha le ho pheha ke mekhoa e phetseng hantle, e mafura a tlase ea ho pheha.

Ho ikoetlisa:

• Boikoetliso bo itekanetseng, joalo ka ha bo khothalelitsoe ke mofani oa hau, bo ka thusa ho chesa likhalori tse eketsehileng.
• Ho tsamaea le ho sesa ka kakaretso ke boitlhakiso bo sireletsehileng, bo sebetsang bakeng sa bakhachane.
• Etsa bonnete ba hore o bua le mofani oa hau pele o qala lenaneo la boikoetliso.

Haeba u kile oa loana le boima ba hau nakong e fetileng, ho ka ba thata ho amohela hore ho lokile ho nona joale. Ho tloaelehile ho tšoenyeha ha lipalo tse nyolohang li nyoloha.

Hopola hore o hloka ho ba le boima ba 'mele bakeng sa bokhachane bo phetseng hantle. Liponto tse eketsehileng li tla tsoa kamora ho ba le ngoana oa hau. Leha ho le joalo, haeba u fumana boima bo bongata haholo ho feta kamoo ho khothalletsoang, lesea la hau le lona le tla ba le leholo. Seo ka linako tse ling se ka baka mathata ka ho pepa. Ho ja hantle le ho ikoetlisa khafetsa ke litsela tsa hau tse ntle tsa ho netefatsa bokhachane le lesea le phetseng hantle.

Tlhokomelo ea bakhachane - ho laola boima ba 'mele oa hau

Berger DS, EH Bophirimela. Phepo e nepahetseng nakong ea bokhachane. Ka: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, eds. Li-Obstetrics tsa Gabbe: Bokhachane bo Tloaelehileng le Bothata. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: khaolo ea 6.

Bodnar LM, Himes KP. Phepo ea bakhachane. Ka: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, li-eds. Creasy le Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 12.

• Bokhachane le phepo e nepahetseng