Phokolo ea mali ea folate

Khaello ea mali ea phokolo ea mali ke ho fokotseha ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (phokolo ea mali) ka lebaka la khaello ea folate. Folate ke mofuta oa vithamine ea mofuta oa B. E boetse e bitsoa folic acid.

Phokolo ea mali ke boemo boo 'mele o se nang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse phetseng hantle. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li fana ka oksijene lithong tsa 'mele.

Folate (folic acid) ea hlokahala bakeng sa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho theha le ho hola. U ka fumana folate ka ho ja meroho e makhasi a matala le sebete. Leha ho le joalo, 'mele oa hau ha o boloke folate ka bongata. Kahoo, o hloka ho ja lijo tse ngata tse nang le folate ho boloka maemo a tloaelehileng a vithamine ena.

Ha motho a haelloa ke mali, lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li kholo haholo ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang. Lisele tse joalo li bitsoa macrocyte. Li boetse li bitsoa megaloblast, ha li bonoa mokong oa masapo. Ke ka hona phokolo ena ea mali e bitsoang megaloblastic anemia.

Lisosa tsa mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali li kenyelletsa:

• Folic acid e nyane haholo lijong tsa hau
• Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic
• Bokhoba ba tahi ba nako e telele
• Ts'ebeliso ea meriana e meng (joalo ka phenytoin [Dilantin], methotrexate, sulfasalazine, triamterene, pyrimethamine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, le barbiturates)

Tse latelang li hlahisa kotsi ea hau bakeng sa mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali:

• Botahoa
• Ho ja lijo tse sa butsoang haholo
• Lijo tse fosahetseng (tse atisang ho bonoa ho mafutsana, batho ba baholo, le batho ba sa jeng litholoana kapa meroho e sa tsoa khuoa)
• Boimana
• Lijo tsa boima ba 'mele

Folic acid e ea hlokahala ho thusa lesea le ka popelong ho hola hantle. Asiti e nyane haholo ea folic nakong ea bokhachane e ka lebisa ho bokooa ho lesea.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Mokhathala
• Bofokoli
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Pallor
• Molomo le leleme le bohloko

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele. Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Tekanyo e khubelu ea sele ea mali

Maemong a sa tloaelehang, tlhahlobo ea mokoallo oa masapo e ka etsoa.

Morero ke ho tseba le ho sebetsana le sesosa sa khaello ea folate.

U ka fumana li-acid tsa folic acid ka molomo, tsa entoa ka mosifa, kapa ka mothapong (maemong a sa tloaelehang). Haeba o na le maemo a tlase a folate ka lebaka la bothata ba mala a hao, o kanna oa hloka kalafo bophelo bohle ba hau.

Liphetoho tsa lijo li ka u thusa ho matlafatsa boemo ba hau ba papali. Ja tse tala, meroho e makhasi le litholoana tsa lamunu.

Khaello ea phokolo ea mali hangata e arabela hantle kalafong nakong ea likhoeli tse 3 ho isa ho tse 6. E kanna ea ntlafala ha ho sebetsoa sesosa sa khaello.

Matšoao a phokolo ea mali a ka baka mathata. Basali ba nang le bakhachane, ho haelloa ke folate ho 'nile ha amahanngoa le methapo ea methapo ea kutlo kapa bokooa ba mokokotlo (joalo ka spina bifida) lesea.

Tse ling, mathata a boima a ka kenyelletsa:

• Moriri o mosootho boea
• Ho eketsa 'mala oa letlalo (pigment)
• Ho hloka thari
• Ho mpefala ha lefu la pelo kapa ho hloleha ha pelo

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u na le matšoao a khaello ea mali ea folate.

Ho ja lijo tse ngata tse nang le boleng bo phahameng ho ka thusa ho thibela boemo bona.

Litsebi li khothaletsa basali ho noa li-micrograms tse 400 (mcg) tse 400 tsa folic acid letsatsi le leng le le leng pele ba ka ima le nakong ea likhoeli tse tharo tsa bokhachane.

• Phokolo ea mali ea Megaloblastic - pono ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali
• Lisele tsa mali

Antony AC. Li-anemias tsa Megaloblastic. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 39.

Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Mekhoa ea hematopoietic le lymphoid. Ka: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, bahlophisi. Robbins Basic Pathology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 12.