Boloetse bo fokolang ba phetoho

Boloetse bo fokolang ba phetoho ke lefu la liphio le ka lebisang ho nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome ke sehlopha sa matšoao a kenyeletsang protheine ka hara moroto, liprotheine tse tlase tsa mali maling, li-cholesterol tse ngata, maemo a phahameng a triglyceride le ho ruruha.

Philo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e entsoe ka li-unit tse fetang milione tse bitsoang nephrons, tse sefa mali le ho hlahisa moroto.

Ha lefu le fetoha haholo, ho na le tšenyo ho glomeruli. Tsena ke methapo e menyenyane ea mali e ka har'a nephron moo mali a tlhotliloeng ho etsa moroto le litšila li tlosoang. Lefu lena le bitsoa ka lebaka la tšenyo ena ha e bonahale ka tlas'a microscope e tloaelehileng. E ka bonoa feela ka tlas'a microscope e matla haholo e bitsoang microscope ea elektronike.

Boloetse bo fokolang ba phetoho ke sesosa se tloaelehileng haholo sa lefu la nephrotic ho bana. E boetse e bonoa ho batho ba baholo ba nang le lefu la nephrotic, empa ha e atisehe haholo.

Lebaka ha le tsejoe, empa lefu lena le ka hlaha kamora kapa la amana le:

• Liketso tse fokolang
• Ts'ebeliso ea li-NSAID
• Lihlahala
• Liente (feberu le pneumococcal, leha e le seoelo)
• Tšoaetso ea vaerase

Ho ka ba le matšoao a nephrotic syndrome, ho kenyelletsa:

• Ponahalo e bobebe ya moroto
• Takatso e fosahetseng ea lijo
• Ho ruruha (haholo-holo ho potoloha mahlo, maoto le maqaqailana, le ka mpeng)
• Boima ba 'mele (ho tsoa mokelikeling)

Boloetse bo fokolang ba phetoho ha bo fokotse palo ea moroto o hlahisoang. Ke ka seoelo e tsoelang pele ho hloleha ha liphio.

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a kanna a se ke a bona matšoao a lefu lena, ntle le ho ruruha. Liteko tsa mali le moroto li senola matšoao a nephrotic syndrome, ho kenyelletsa:

• Cholesterol e phahameng
• Litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa protheine ka har'a moroto
• Maemo a tlase a albumin maling

Ho hlahlojoa ha liphio le tlhahlobo ea lisele tse nang le microscope ea elektronike ho ka bontša matšoao a lefu le fokolang la phetoho.

Meriana e bitsoang corticosteroids e ka phekola maloetse a fokolang ho bana ba bangata. Bana ba bang ba kanna ba hloka ho lula li-steroid ho thibela lefu lena hore le se ke la khutla.

Li-steroid li sebetsa ho batho ba baholo, empa ha li sebetse ho bana. Batho ba baholo ba ka ba le ho oela khafetsa khafetsa mme ba itšetleha ka li-steroids.

Haeba li-steroid li sa sebetse, mofani oa thepa o tla fana ka maikutlo a meriana e meng.

Ho ruruha ho ka phekoloa ka:

• Meriana ea ACE inhibitor
• Ho laola khatello ea mali
• Diuretics (lipilisi tsa metsi)

Hape o kanna oa bolelloa hore o fokotsa letsoai leo o le jang.

Hangata bana ba arabela hantle ho corticosteroids ho feta batho ba baholo. Hangata bana ba arabela khoeling ea pele.

Ho khutlela morao ho ka etsahala. Boemo bo ka ntlafala kamora kalafo ea nako e telele ka li-corticosteroids le meriana e hatellang sesole sa 'mele (immunosuppressants).

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba:

• U ba le matšoao a lefu le fokolang la phetoho
• O na le bothata bona mme matšoao a hau a mpefala
• U hlahisa matšoao a macha, ho kenyeletsoa litla-morao tsa meriana e sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu lena

Phetoho e nyane nephrotic syndrome; Lefu la Nil; Lipoid nephrosis; Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome ea bongoaneng

• Glomerulus le nephron

Appel GB, Radhakrishnan J, D'Agati VD. Lefu la bobeli la glomerular. Ka: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, li-eds. Brenner le Rector ea Liphio. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 32.

Lefu la Erkan E. Nephrotic. Ka: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 545.