Kalafo ea IV hae

Uena kapa ngoana oa hau le tla tloha hae le tsoa sepetlele haufinyane. Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o laetse meriana kapa litlhare tse ling tseo uena kapa ngoana oa hau le hlokang ho li nka hae.

IV (intravenous) ho bolela ho fana ka meriana kapa maro ka nale kapa tube (catheter) e kenang mothapong. Theipi kapa catheter e kanna ea ba e 'ngoe ea tse latelang:

• Catheter e bohareng ea venous
• Catheter ea maqhubu a bohareng - koung
• Catheter e bohareng e kentsoeng ka hare
• Normal IV (e kenngoang mothapong o ka tlasa letlalo la hao)

Kalafo ea lapeng la IV ke tsela eo uena kapa ngoana oa hau a ka fumanang meriana ea IV ntle le ho ba sepetlele kapa ho ea tleliniking.

U kanna ua hloka tekanyetso e phahameng ea lithibela-mafu kapa lithibela-mafu tseo u ke keng ua li nka ka molomo.

• Mohlomong u se u qalile lithibela-mafu tsa IV sepetlele tseo u hlokang ho li fumana nakoana kamora hore u tlohe sepetlele.
• Mohlala, tšoaetso ea matšoafo, masapo, boko kapa likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele e ka alafshoa ka tsela ena.

Mefuta e meng ea kalafo ea IV eo u ka e fumanang kamora ho tsoa sepetlele e kenyelletsa:

• Kalafo bakeng sa bofokoli ba li-hormone
• Meriana ea ho nyekeloa ke pelo e matla e ka bakoang ke mofetše oa chemotherapy kapa ea bokhachane
• Analgesia e laoloang ke mokuli (PCA) bakeng sa bohloko (ena ke moriana oa IV oo bakuli ba ithaopang ka oona)
• Chemotherapy ho phekola mofetše

Uena kapa ngoana oa hau le ka hloka phepo e nepahetseng ea botsoali (TPN) kamora ho lula sepetlele. TPN ke lebese la 'mele le fanoang ka mothapo.

Uena kapa ngoana oa hau le kanna la hloka maro a mangata ka IV.

Hangata, baoki ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo malapeng ba tla lapeng la hau ho u fa meriana. Ka linako tse ling, setho sa lelapa, motsoalle, kapa uena ka boeena u ka fana ka moriana oa IV.

Mooki o tla hlahloba ho netefatsa hore IV e sebetsa hantle mme ha ho na matšoao a ts'oaetso. Joale mooki o tla fana ka moriana kapa mokelikeli o mong. E tla fanoa ka e 'ngoe ea litsela tse latelang:

• Bolus e potlakileng, e bolelang hore moriana o fuoa kapele, hang-hang.
• Ho tšeloa butle butle, ho bolelang hore moriana o fanoa butle butle nako e telele.

Kamora hore o fumane moriana oa hau, mooki o tla emela ho bona hore na o na le karabelo e mpe. Haeba u phela hantle, mooki o tla tloha lapeng.

Linaliti tse sebelisitsoeng li hloka ho lahloa ka setsing sa nale (sharps). Tubing ea IV e sebelisitsoeng, mekotla, liatlana le lisebelisoa tse ling tse ka lahloang li ka kena ka mokotleng oa polasetiki ebe li beoa ka har'a lithōle.

Shebella mathata ana:

• Sekoti letlalong moo IV e leng teng. Moriana kapa mokelikeli o ka kena liseleng tse potileng mothapo. Sena se ka lematsa letlalo kapa lisele.
• Ho ruruha ha mothapo. Sena se ka lebisa ho mali (a bitsoang thrombophlebitis).

Mathata ana a sa tloaelehang a ka baka mathata a ho hema kapa a pelo:

• Bubble ea moea e kena ka mothapong ebe e ea pelong kapa matšoafong (e bitsoang moea embolism).
• Tlhaloso e fokolang kapa e meng e tebileng ho moriana.

Hangata, baoki ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo malapeng ba fumaneha lihora tse 24 ka letsatsi. Haeba ho na le bothata ka IV, o ka letsetsa setsi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba lapeng bakeng sa thuso.

Haeba IV e tsoa mothapong:

• Taba ea mantlha, beha khatello holima lesoba la IV ho fihlela mali a emisa.
• Ebe u letsetsa setsi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo malapeng kapa ngaka hang-hang.

Bitsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba uena kapa ngoana oa hau a na le matšoao a ts'oaetso, joalo ka:

• Bofubelu, ho ruruha kapa ho longoa setšeng seo nale e kenang ka sona mothapong
• Bohloko
• Ho tsoa mali
• Feberu ea 100.5 ° F (38 ° C) kapa ho feta

Letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea maemo a tšohanyetso ea lehae, joalo ka 911, hang-hang haeba u na le:

• Mathata afe kapa afe a ho hema
• Ho otla ha pelo kapele
• Botsoa
• Bohloko ba sefuba

Phekolo ea meriana e kenang kahare ea methapo; Catheter ea maqhubu a bohareng - hae; Pheriferale venous catheter - hae; Boema-kepe - hae; Mohala oa PICC - hae; Phekolo ea infusion - hae; Tlhokomelo ea lapeng - kalafo ea IV

Chu CS, Rubin SC. Melao-motheo ea chemotherapy. Ka: DiSaia PJ, Creasman WT, Mannel RS, McMeekin DS, Mutch DG, li-eds. Clinical Gynecologic Oncology. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 17.

Khauta HS, LaSalvia MT. Phekolo ea meriana e loantšang likokoana-hloko ea bakuli ba ka ntle. Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 53.

Pong AL, Bradley JS. Phekolo ea meriana e loantšang likokoana-hloko bakeng sa tšoaetso e tebileng. Ka: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, bahlophisi. Buka ea Feigin le Cherry ea Pediatric Infectious Diseases. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 238.

• Meriana