Matšoao a ts'oaetso
Phofu ea mafu ke meriana e kenngoang 'meleng oa hau ho phekola matšoao a ho kula.
Phofu ea allergy e na le palo e nyane ea allergen. Sena ke ntho e bakang itšoare ha alejiki. Mehlala ea likokoana-hloko e kenyelletsa:
- Likokoana-hloko tsa hlobo
- Likokoana-hloko tsa lerōle
- Dander ea liphoofolo
- Peō e phofo
- Mafu a likokoanyana
Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o u fa litšoantšo tsa lilemo tse 3 ho isa ho tse 5. Letoto lena la ho thulana le khatello ea maikutlo le ka u thusa ho fokotsa matšoao a hau a ho kula.
Sebetsa le mofani oa hau ho tseba hore na ke li-allergen life tse bakang matšoao a hau. Hangata hona ho etsoa ka tlhahlobo ea letlalo ea kalafo kapa liteko tsa mali. Ke feela li-allergen tseo u li alejang tse leng ho shotsong ea hau.
Likokoana-hloko ke karolo e le 'ngoe feela ea leano la kalafo ea ho kula. U kanna ua nka meriana ea alejiki ha u ntse u thulana le mafu a itseng. Mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa hore le uena u fokotse ho pepesehela ha hau likokoana-hloko.
Matšoao a ts'oaetso a hlaha ha sesole sa hau sa 'mele se leka ho hlasela allergen' meleng oa hau. Ha sena se etsahala, 'mele oa hau o baka mamina. Sena se ka baka matšoao a khathatsang ka nko, mahlo le matšoafo.
Kalafo e nang le letšoao la ho kula e boetse e bitsoa immunotherapy. Ha palo e nyane ea allergen e kenoa 'meleng oa hau, sesole sa hau sa' mele se etsa ntho e bitsoang antibody e thibelang allergen ho baka matšoao.
Kamora ho thunya likhoeli tse 'maloa, a mang a matšoao a hau a ka imoloha. Liphallelo li ka nka lilemo tse 'maloa. Bakeng sa batho ba bang, ho thulana le khatello ea maikutlo ho ka thibela ho kula ho hocha le ho fokotsa matšoao a asma.
U ka rua molemo ka ho thunngoa ke mafu haeba u na le:
- Sefuba seo allergies se mpefatsang
- Allergic rhinitis, alejiki conjunctivitis
- Ho utloahala ha likokoanyana
- Eczema, boemo ba letlalo bo bakoang ke ts'oaetso ea lerōle bo ka mpefala
Allergy shots e sebetsa bakeng sa li-allergen tse tloaelehileng joalo ka:
- Mofoka, ragweed, peo e phofo ea sefate
- Jwang
- Hlobo kapa fungus
- Dander ea liphoofolo
- Likokoana-hloko tsa lerōle
- Ho longoa ke likokoanyana
- Maphele
Batho ba baholo (ho kenyelletsa le batho ba baholo) hammoho le bana ba lilemo li 5 ho ea holimo ba ka fumana lithunya tsa ho kula.
Mofani oa hau ha a na monyetla oa ho u khothaletsa haeba u ka:
- Eba le asma e matla.
- Eba le boemo ba pelo.
- Nka meriana e meng, joalo ka ACE inhibitors kapa beta-blockers.
- Ba imme. Bakhachane ha baa lokela ho qala ho thulana le mafu. Empa, ba kanna ba khona ho tsoelapele ka kalafo ea thunya ea mafu e qalileng pele ba ima.
Mefuta ea phepo ea lijo ha e phekolehe ka ho thulana le mafu.
U tla fumana li-allergy shots ofising ea mofani oa thepa ea hau. Hangata li fanoa letsohong le kaholimo. Lenaneo le tloaelehileng ke:
- Bakeng sa likhoeli tse 3 ho isa ho tse 6 tsa pele, o fumana makhetlo a 1 ho isa ho a 3 ka beke.
- Bakeng sa lilemo tse 3 ho isa ho tse 5 tse latelang, o fumana lithunya khafetsa, hoo e ka bang libeke tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6.
Hopola hore maeto a mangata a hlokahala ho fumana litlamorao tse felletseng tsa kalafo ena. Mofani oa hau o tla lekola matšoao a hau nako le nako ho u thusa ho etsa qeto ea hore na u ka emisa ho thunngoa neng.
Ho thunya ho fokolang ho ka baka karabelo letlalong, joalo ka bofubelu, ho ruruha le ho hlohlona. Batho ba bang ba na le nko e bonolo kapa nko.
Le ha e le ntho e sa tloaelehang, ho thulana le mafu ho ka baka ts'oaetso e matla e sokelang bophelo e bitsoang anaphylaxis. Ka lebaka la sena, o kanna oa hloka ho lula ofising ea mofani oa hau metsotso e 30 kamora ho thunngoa ho sheba karabelo ena.
U kanna ua hloka ho nka antihistamine kapa moriana o mong pele ho nako ea hau ea bohloeki. Sena se ka thibela ho itšoara ka sethunya setsing sa ente, empa ha se thibele anaphylaxis.
Likarabo tsa lithunya tsa allergy li ka phekoloa ofising ea mofani oa thepa ea hau hanghang.
Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba:
- U ntse u tsoelapele ho ba le matšoao kamora likhoeli tse 'maloa tsa ho thunngoa ke mafu
- U na le lipotso kapa lintho tse u tšoenyang mabapi le letšoao la ho kula kapa matšoao a hau
- U na le bothata ba ho boloka likopano bakeng sa likotsi tsa hau tsa ho kula
Liente tsa alejiki; Allergen immunotherapy
Khauta DBK. Likokoana-hloko tsa likokoanyana. Ka: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehis RE, et al, li-eds. Middleton's Allergy: Melao-motheo le Tloaeloleqhoa. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 76.
Nelson HS. Ente immunotherapy bakeng sa li-allergen tse inhalant. Ka: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehis RE, et al, li-eds. Middleton's Allergy: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 85.
Seidman MD, Gurgel RK, Lin SY, le al; Tataiso ea Otolaryngology Development Group. EAO-HNSF. Tataiso ea boits'oaro ba bongaka: Allergic rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015; 152 (Tlatsetso e 1): S1-S43. PMID: 25644617 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644617.
- Ts'oaetso ea mmele