Tloaelo e kopaneng ea hyperlipidemia

Tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea hyperlipidemia ke lefu le fetisoang ke malapa. E baka cholesterol e phahameng le triglycerides e phahameng ea mali.

Hyperlipidemia e tloaelehileng e kopaneng ke lefu le atileng haholo la lefutso le eketsang mafura a mali. E ka baka litlhaselo tsa pelo kapele.

Lefu la tsoekere, joala le hypothyroidism li mpefatsa boemo. Lisosa tse kotsi li kenyelletsa nalane ea lelapa ea k'holeseterole e phahameng le lefu la methapo ea pelo ea pele.

Lilemong tsa pele, ho kanna ha ba le matšoao.

Ha matšoao a hlaha, a ka kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko ba sefuba (angina) kapa matšoao a mang a lefu la methapo ea pelo a ka ba teng a sa le monyane.
• Ho hata ka namane e le 'ngoe kapa ka bobeli ha u tsamaea.
• Liso menoaneng a sa foleng.
• Matšoao a tšohanyetso a kang ho otloa ke seterouku, joalo ka ho bua ka bothata, ho inama ka lehlakoreng le leng la sefahleho, bofokoli ba letsoho kapa leoto, le tahlehelo ea botsitso.

Batho ba nang le boemo bona ba ka ba le k'holeseterole e phahameng kapa maemo a phahameng a triglyceride joalo ka bacha. Boemo bona bo ka boela ba fumanoa ha batho ba le lilemong tsa bo-20 le 30. Maemo a lula a phahame nakong eohle ea bophelo. Ba nang le hyperlipidemia e kopaneng ea malapa ba na le kotsi e kholo ea lefu la methapo ea pelo ea pele le tlhaselo ea pelo. Ba boetse ba na le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa botenya mme ba na le monyetla oa ho ba le mamello ea tsoekere.

Ho tla etsoa liteko tsa mali ho lekola maemo a hau a k'holeseterole le triglycerides. Liteko li tla bontša:

• K'holeseterole e eketsehileng ea LDL
• Ho fokotsa cholesterol ea HDL
• Eketseha triglycerides
• Keketseho ea apolipoprotein B100

Ho hlahlojoa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso ho fumaneha bakeng sa mofuta o le mong oa hyperlipidemia ea lelapa.

Morero oa kalafo ke ho fokotsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo la atherosclerotic.

BOPHELO BOPHELO

Mohato oa pele ke ho fetola seo u se jang. Boholo ba nako, o tla leka ho fetoha ha lijo ka likhoeli tse 'maloa pele ngaka ea hau e khothaletsa meriana. Liphetoho tsa lijo li kenyelletsa ho theola palo ea mafura a mangata le tsoekere e ntlafalitsoeng.

Mona ke liphetoho tse ling tseo u ka li etsang:

• Ja nama ea khomo ea khomo, ea khoho, ea kolobe le ea konyana
• Kenya lihlahisoa tsa lebese tse mafura a tlase bakeng sa mafura a felletseng
• Qoba li-cookie tse pakiloeng le thepa e besitsoeng e nang le mafura
• Fokotsa k’holeseterole eo u e jang ka ho fokotsa lihe tsa mahe le nama ea litho

Keletso e khothaletsoa hangata ho thusa batho ho etsa liphetoho mekhoeng ea bona ea ho ja. Ho theola boima ba 'mele le ho ikoetlisa khafetsa ho ka thusa ho theola maemo a k'holeseterole ea hau.

MERIANA

Haeba liphetoho tsa bophelo li sa fetole li-cholesterol tsa hau ka ho lekana, kapa u kotsing e kholo ea lefu la pelo la atherosclerotic, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka khothaletsa hore u noe meriana. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lithethefatsi ho thusa ho theola maemo a mali a k'holeseterole.

Lithethefatsi li sebetsa ka litsela tse fapaneng ho u thusa ho fihlela lipid tse phetseng hantle. Tse ling li betere ha li theola LDL cholesterol, tse ling li khona ho theola triglycerides, ha tse ling li thusa ho phahamisa cholesterol ea HDL.

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisoang khafetsa le tse sebetsang haholo bakeng sa ho phekola k'holeseterole e phahameng ea LDL li bitsoa statins. Li kenyelletsa lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), simvastatin (Zocor), fluvastatin (Lescol), atorvastatin (Lipitor), rosuvastatin (Crestor), le pitivastatin (Livalo).

Meriana e meng e theolang k'holeseterole e kenyelletsa:

• Li-resin tse hlahisang acid.
• Ezetimibe.
• Fibrate (joalo ka gemfibrozil le fenofibrate).
• Nicotinic acid.
• PCSK9 inhibitors, joalo ka alirocumab (ea bohlokoa) le evolocumab (Repatha) Tsena li emela sehlopha se secha sa lithethefatsi ho alafa cholesterol e phahameng.

Hore na o sebetsa hantle hakae ho latela:

• Boemo bo fumanoa kapele hakae
• Ha o qala kalafo
• U latela moralo oa hau oa kalafo hantle hakae

Ntle le kalafo, lefu la pelo kapa stroke le ka baka lefu la pele ho nako.

Esita le ka meriana, batho ba bang ba ka 'na ba tsoela pele ho ba le lipid tse phahameng tse eketsang kotsi ea lefu la pelo.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Lefu la pelo la atherosclerotic
• Lefu la pelo
• Leqeba

Batla tlhokomelo ea bongaka hang-hang haeba u e-na le bohloko ba sefuba kapa matšoao a mang a lemosang a lefu la pelo.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u na le nalane ea hau kapa ea lelapa ea li-cholesterol tse ngata.

Lijo tse nang le k'holeseterole e fokolang le mafura a mangata li ka thusa ho laola maemo a LDL ho batho ba kotsing e kholo.

Haeba motho e mong lelapeng la hau a e-na le boemo bona, u ka 'na ua batla ho itlhahloba kapa ho hlahloba bana ba hau. Ka linako tse ling, bana ba banyenyane ba ka ba le hyperlipidemia e bonolo.

Ho bohlokoa ho laola lisosa tse ling tsa likotsi tsa ho hlaseloa ke pelo kapele, joalo ka ho tsuba.

Mefuta e mengata ea lipoprotein ea mofuta oa hyperlipidemia

• Mothapo oa mali o thiba
• Lijo tse phetseng hantle

Genest J, Libby P. Lipoprotein mathata le lefu la pelo. Ka: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Lefu la pelo la Braunwald: Buka ea bongaka ea meriana ea pelo. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 48.

Robinson JG. Mathata a metabolism ea lipid. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 195.