Boloetse ba sefuba

Boloetse ba matšoafo ke bothata bofe kapa bofe matšoafong bo thibelang matšoafo ho sebetsa hantle. Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea lefu la matšoafo:

1. Mafu a tsamaeang le moea - Mafu ana a ama methapo (meea ea moea) e tsamaisang oksijene le likhase tse ling kahare le ka ntle matšoafong. Hangata li baka tšesaane kapa ho thiba ha lifofane. Maloetse a sefofane a kenyelletsa asthma, COPD le bronchiectasis. Batho ba nang le maloetse a tsamaeang ka sefofane hangata ba re ba ikutloa eka "ba leka ho phefumoloha ka lehlaka."
2. Maloetse a lung lung - Maloetse ana a ama sebopeho sa lisele tsa matšoafo. Ho ruruha kapa ho ruruha ha lisele ho etsa hore matšoafo a sitoe ho hola ka botlalo (resting lung lung disease). Sena se thatafalletsa matšoafo ho amohela oksijene le ho ntša carbon dioxide. Batho ba nang le mofuta ona oa lefu la matšoafo hangata ba re ba ikutloa eka "ba apere jesi e thata haholo kapa vesti." Ka lebaka leo, ba sitoa ho hema ka botebo. Pulmonary fibrosis le sarcoidosis ke mehlala ea lefu la lisele tsa matšoafo.
3. Maloetse a tsamaiso ea matšoafo - Mafu ana a ama methapo ea mali matšoafong. Li bakoa ke ho koala, ho senya kapa ho ruruha ha methapo ea mali. Li ama bokhoni ba matšoafo ba ho nka oksijene le ho ntša carbon dioxide. Maloetse ana a ka ama tšebetso ea pelo. Mohlala oa lefu la ho potoloha ha matšoafo ke khatello ea kelello ea methapo. Batho ba nang le maemo ana hangata ba ikutloa ba haelloa ke moea ha ba ikitlaetsa.

Maloetse a mangata a matšoafo a kenyelletsa mefuta ena e meraro.

Maloetse a tloaelehileng a matšoafo a kenyelletsa:

• Sefuba
• Ho putlama ha karolo kapa matšoafo kaofela (pneumothorax kapa atelectasis)
• Ho ruruha le ho ruruha litemaneng tse kholo (bronchial tubes) tse tsamaisang moea matšoafong (bronchitis)
• COPD (lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary pulmonary)
• Kankere ea matšoafo
• Tšoaetso ea matšoafo (pneumonia)
• Mokelikeli o sa tloaelehang matšoafong (pulmonary edema)
• Mothapo o thibetsoeng oa matšoafo (pulmonary embolus)

• Lefu le sa foleng la pulmonary - batho ba baholo - ho tsoa
• COPD - laola lithethefatsi
• COPD - lithethefatsi tse thusang kapele

• Boima ba 'mele - lehlakoreng la seipone x-ray
• Boima ba 'mele, matšoafo a nepahetseng - CT scan
• Boima ba 'mele, x-ray ea sefuba e kaholimo
• Lung le kankere ea lisele tsa squamous - CT scan
• Kankere ea mosi le mofets'e oa matšoafo
• Yellow nail syndrome
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho

Kraft M. Mokhoa ho mokuli ea nang le lefu la ho hema. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 77.

Reid PT, Innes JA. Moriana oa phefumoloho. Ka: Ralston SH, ID ea Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Melao-motheo ea Davidson le Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La bo23 la ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 17.