Li-nitrite ka Urine

Litaba

• U etsa liteko tsa li-nitrite moroto joang?
• E sebelisetsoa eng?
• Hobaneng ha ke hloka li-nitrite tekong ea moroto?
• Ho etsahalang nakong ea li-nitrite tekong ea moroto?
• Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?
• Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?
• Liphetho li bolelang?
• Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka li-nitrites tekong ea moroto?
• Litšupiso

U etsa liteko tsa li-nitrite moroto joang?

Ho hlahlojoa ha metsi, hape ho bitsoang tlhahlobo ea moroto, ho ka lemoha boteng ba li-nitrite ka morong. Moroto o tloaelehileng o na le lik'hemik'hale tse bitsoang nitrate. Haeba libaktheria li kena ka har'a moroto, li-nitrate li ka fetoha lik'hemik'hale tse fapaneng, tse tšoanang le tse bitsoang li-nitrite. Li-nitrite morong e kanna ea ba sesupo sa tšoaetso ea mosese (UTI).

Li-UTI ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e tloaelehileng ea tšoaetso, haholo ho basali. Ka lehlohonolo, li-UTI tse ngata ha li kotsi 'me hangata li phekoloa ka lithibela-mafu. Ho bohlokoa ho bona mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le matšoao a UTI e le hore u ka qala kalafo hang-hang.

Mabitso a mang: tlhahlobo ea moroto, tlhahlobo ea moroto, tlhahlobo ea moroto o monyane, tlhahlobo ea mosese, UA

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Ho hlahlojoa ha metsi, ho kenyeletsang tlhahlobo ea li-nitrite morong, e kanna ea ba karolo ea tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng. E kanna ea sebelisoa ho lekola UTI.

Hobaneng ha ke hloka li-nitrite tekong ea moroto?

Mohlomong mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o laetse hore ho hlahlojoe urinal e le karolo ea tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng kapa haeba o na le matšoao a UTI. Matšoao a UTI a kenyeletsa:

• Khafetsa o lakatsa ho ntša metsi, empa ho tsoa moroto o monyane
• Ho rota ho bohloko
• Moroto o lefifi, o koahetsoeng ke maru kapa o bofubelu
• Moroto o monko o mobe
• Bofokoli le mokhathala, haholo basali le banna ba baholo
• Feberu

Ho etsahalang nakong ea li-nitrite tekong ea moroto?

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla hloka ho bokella sampole ea moroto oa hau. Nakong ea ketelo ea hau ofising, o tla fumana setshelo ho bokella moroto le litaelo tse ikhethang ho netefatsa hore sampole ha e na nyopa. Litaelo tsena hangata li bitsoa "mokhoa o hloekileng oa ho ts'oasa." Mokhoa o hloekileng oa ho ts'oasa o kenyelletsa mehato e latelang:

1. Hlapa matsoho a hao.
2. Hloekisa sebaka sa hau sa botona le botšehali ka pampiri ea tlhoekiso eo u e filoeng ke mofani oa hau. Banna ba lokela ho hlakola ntlha ea botona ba bona. Basali ba lokela ho bula libia tsa bona le ho hloekisa ho tloha pele ho ea morao.
3. Qala ho ntša metsi ka ntloaneng.
4. Tsamaisa setshelo sa pokello tlasa molapo oa hau oa moroto.
5. Bokella bonyane hora e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli tsa moroto ka har'a setshelo, se lokelang ho ba le matšoao ho bonts'a chelete.
6. Qeta ho rota ka ntlwaneng.
7. Khutlisa sampole ea sampole joalo ka ha ho laetsoe ke mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo

Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?

Ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng tsa ho leka li-nitrite morong. Haeba mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a laetse liteko tse ling tsa moroto kapa tsa mali, o kanna oa hloka ho itima lijo (u se ke oa ja kapa oa noa) lihora tse 'maloa pele ho tlhahlobo. Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u tsebisa haeba ho na le litaelo tse khethehileng tseo u lokelang ho li latela.

Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?

Ha ho na kotsi e tsebahalang ea ho hlahlojoa moroto kapa li-nitrite tekong ea moroto.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Haeba ho na le li-nitrite ka morong oa hau, ho ka bolela hore u na le UTI. Leha ho le joalo, leha ho sa fumanoe li-nitrite, o ntse o ka ba le ts'oaetso, hobane ha se kamehla libaktheria li fetolang nitrate hore e be nitrites. Haeba u na le matšoao a UTI, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla sheba liphetho tse ling tsa tlhahlobo ea hau ea metsi, haholo-holo palo e tšoeu ea mali. Palo e phahameng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali morong ke sesupo se seng se ka bang teng sa tšoaetso. Ho ithuta hore na liphetho tsa hau li bolelang, bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka li-nitrites tekong ea moroto?

Haeba ho hlahlojoa ha urinalysis e le karolo ea tlhahlobo ea hau e tloaelehileng, moroto oa hau o tla lekoa bakeng sa lintho tse fapaneng hammoho le nitrites. Tsena li kenyelletsa lisele tse khubelu le tse tšoeu tsa mali, liprotheine, acid le tsoekere, likhechana tsa sele le likristale tse mokhoeng oa hau.

Litšupiso

1. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook ea Liteko tsa Laboraro le Tlhatlhobo. 2^ke Monghali, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Bophelo, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Ho hlahloba urinal; leq. 508-9.
2. James G, Paul K, Fuller J. Urinary Nitrite le Ts'oaetso ea Urinary-tract. American Journal of Clinical Pathology [Inthanete]. 1978 Oct [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; 70 (4): 671-8. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://ajcp.oxfordjournals.org/content/ajcpath/70/4/671.full.pdf
3. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Urinalysis: Teko; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Mots'eanong 25; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urinalysis/tab/test
4. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Urinalysis: Mefuta e Meraro ea Litlhahlobo; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urinalysis/ui-exams/start/1#nitrite
5. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2017. Ho hlahloba urinaline: U itokisa joang? 2016 Oct 19 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/details/how-you-prepare/ppc-20255388
6. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2017. Ho hlahloba urinalysis: Seo u ka se lebellang; 2016 Oct 19 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/details/what-you-can-expect/rec-20255393
7. Phetolelo ea Merck Manual Consumer [Inthanete]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co., Inc .; c2017. Ho hlahloba urinal; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/diagnosis-of-kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/urinalysis
8. Setsi sa Naha sa Lefu la Ts'oaetso le Mafu a Ts'oaetso le Liphio [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Mafu a tšoaetso ea Urinary Tract (UTIs); 2012 Mots'eanong [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/urinary-tract-infections-utis
9. Sisteme ea Saint Francis Health [Internet]. Tulsa (OK): Sisteme ea Bophelo ea Saint Francis; c2016. Tlhahisoleseling ea Mokuli: Ho Bokella Mohlala o Hloekileng oa ho Tšoasa Catch; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 la 13]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.saintfrancis.com/lab/Documents/Collecting%20a%20Clean%20Catch%20Urine.pdf
10. Setsi sa Johns Hopkins Lupus [Marang-rang]. Bongaka ba Johns Hopkins; c2017. Ho hlahloba urinal; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.hopkinslupus.org/lupus-tests/screening-laboratory-tests/urinalysis/
11. Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2017. Health Encyclopedia: Ho Hlahloba Microscopic Urinalysis; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid;=urinanalysis_microscopic_exam
12. Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2017. Health Encyclopedia: Maloetse a Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs); [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 18]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid;=P01497

Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.