Protheine Electrophoresis: ke ea eng le hore na u ka utloisisa sephetho joang

Litaba

• E etselitsoe eng
• E etsoa joang
• Mokhoa oa ho utloisisa sephetho
• Albumin
• Alfa-1-globulin
• Alfa-2-globulin
• Beta-1-globulin
• Beta-2-globulin
• Gamma-globulin

Protein electrophoresis ke tlhahlobo e kopiloeng ke ngaka ka sepheo sa ho fuputsa maloetse a ka lebisang liphetohong palo ea liprotheine tse potolohang maling, e nkuoa e le e 'ngoe ea litlhahlobo tse kholo tse kopiloeng bakeng sa lipatlisiso le tlhahlobo ea myeloma e mengata.

Tlhahlobo ena e etsoa ka sampole ea mali, e ntseng e etsoa ts'ebetso ea centrifugation ho fumana lero la mali, leo liprotheine li fumanoang ho lona. Liprotheine tsena li qala ho arohana ho latela matla a tsona a motlakase le boima ba limolek'hule, ho lebisang ho thehoeng ha mofuta oa sehlopha mme, kamora moo, ho hlahisoe graph e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlalosa tlhatlhobo ea ngaka.

Liprotheine tse hlahlojoang tlhahlobong ena li bohlokoa molemong oa tšebetso ea 'mele, kaha li sebetsa boits'irelong ba' mele, ts'ebetsong ea ho koaloa le ho itšoara ka mokhoa oa ts'oaetso, ntle le ho khona ho isa limolek'hule tse ling sebakeng sa tsona sa tšebetso. Kahoo, liphetoho maemong a tsona li kanna tsa supa mafu. Har'a liprotheine tse hlahlobiloeng ke albin, alpha-glycoprotein, beta-glycoprotein le gamma-glycoprotein.

E etselitsoe eng

Protein electrophoresis e kopuoa ke ngaka ho lekola palo ea protheine 'meleng, ka hona, e fuputse liphetoho le mafu a ka bang teng, e tsebe ho qala kalafo pele ho nako, haeba ho le joalo. Maemo a mang ao ngaka e ka odarang ho ona le protheine electrophoresis ke ha ho na le matšoao a bontšang hore:

• Ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng;
• Multiple myeloma;
• Ho ruruha;
• Ho thatafala ha sebete;
• Tsamaiso ea lupus erythematosus;
• Khatello ea kelello;
• Ascites;
• Glomerulonephritis;
• Lefu la Cushing;
• Emphysema;
• Mafu a sebete;
• Khaello ea mali;
• Pancreatitis.

Ntle le maemo ana, ho ka kopuoa tlhahlobo ena ha motho a fuoa kalafo ea estrogen kapa ha a le moimana, joalo ka maemong ana ho ka ba le liphetoho maemong a protheine, ho bohlokoa ho lekola protheine e fetotsoeng le ho nka mehato le ho khutlisa boemo.

E etsoa joang

Protheine electrophoresis e etsoa ka ho bokella sampole ea mali ho motho eo ke setsebi se koetlisitsoeng mme ha ho na litokisetso tse hlokahalang. Sampole e fumanoeng e romelloa laboratoring e le hore ho be le karohano lipakeng tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le plasma. Maemong a mang, pokello ea moroto oa lihora tse 24 e ka etsoa ho lekola palo ea protheine e ntšitsoeng morotong motšehare, e hlokoang haholo ke ngaka ha ho belaelloa mathata a liphio.

Lero la mali le beoa ka har'a galone ea agarose kapa cellulose acetate hammoho le dae le lets'oao la liprotheine ka seng ebe ho sebelisoa motlakase ho thusa ho arola liprotheine ho latela matla a tsona a motlakase, boholo le limolek'hule. boima. Kamora ho arohana, liprotheine li ka bonoa ka mokhoa oa sehlopha, se bontšang boteng kapa ho ba sieo ha liprotheine.

Joale, liprotheine tsena li lekantsoe sesebelisoa se itseng, se bitsoang densitometer, moo liprotheine tse maling li hlahlojoang, ka boleng ba liperesente le boleng bo felletseng ba karolo e ngoe le e ngoe ea protheine e bonts'itsoeng tlalehong, ntle le graph, e leng bohlokoa bakeng sa kutloisiso e ntlafetseng ea ngaka le mokuli oa sephetho sa liteko.

Mokhoa oa ho utloisisa sephetho

Sephetho sa tlhahlobo ea protheine ea electrophoresis se tlameha ho hlalosoa ke ngaka, e lekolang boleng bo felletseng le bo lekanyelitsoeng ba liprotheine, ntle le graph e hlahisoang tlalehong.

Ka lebaka leo, likaroloana tsa protheine li bontšoa, ke hore, boleng bo fumanoeng bakeng sa albin, alpha-1-globulin, alpha-2-globulin, beta-1-globulin, beta-2-globulin le gamma-globulin. Mabapi le paterone ea sehlopha, hangata ha e lokolloe tlalehong, e sala feela ka laboratoring mme e fumaneha ke ngaka.

Albumin

Albumin ke protheine ea lero la mali e teng ka bongata haholo 'me e hlahisoa sebeteng, e etsa mesebetsi e fapaneng, joalo ka ho tsamaisa lihormone, livithamini le limatlafatsi, ho laola pH le taolo ea osmotic ea' mele. Ts'ebetso ea albin sebeteng e ipapisitse le boemo ba motho ba phepo e nepahetseng, bongata ba lihormone tse potolohang le pH ea mali. Kahoo, palo ea albumin ka protheine electrophoresis e bonts'a boemo bo akaretsang ba phepo ea motho mme e lumella ho khetholla liphetoho tse ka bang teng sebeteng kapa liphio.

Boleng ba referense ho electrophoresis (e ka fapana ho latela laboratori): 4.01 ho isa ho 4.78 g / dL; 55.8 ho ea 66.1%

Albumin e eketsehileng: Keketseho ea litekanyetso tsa albin e etsahala haholoholo ka lebaka la ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng, empa eseng hobane ho bile le keketseho ea tlhahiso ea protheine ena, empa hobane bongata ba metsi bo bonyenyane mme, ka lebaka leo, bophahamo ba mali, ka hona, li-albumin tse phahameng li netefalitsoe.

Albumin e fokotsehileng: Albumin e nkoa e le protheine e mpe e mpe, ke hore, maemong a ho ruruha, ho na le phokotso ea li-albumin. Kahoo, ho fokotseha ha albin ho ka etsahala maemong a lefu la tsoekere, khatello ea kelello, edema, ascites, khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng le ho thatafala ha sebete, moo sebete se sekametseng mme albumin synthesis e senyehang.

Ithute haholoanyane ka albin.

Alfa-1-globulin

Karolo ea alpha-1-globulin e na le liprotheine tse 'maloa, tse kholo e le tsona alpha-1-asiti glycoprotein (AGA) le alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT). AGA e nka karolo ho theheng likhoele tsa collagen mme e ikarabella ho thibela tšebetso ea livaerase le likokoana-hloko, ka hona e na le karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong e nepahetseng ea sesole sa 'mele. Joalo ka AGA, AAT le eona e bohlokoa haholo tsamaisong ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.

Boleng ba referense ho electrophoresis (e ka fapana ho latela laboratori): 0,22 ho 0,41 g / dL; 2.9 ho ea ho 4.9%

Ho eketsa alpha-1-globulin: Keketseho ea liprotheine karolong ena e hlaha haholoholo ka lebaka la ho ruruha le tšoaetso. Kahoo, li-alpha-1-globulin tse phahameng li ka supa lihlahala, lefu la Cushing, ramatiki, bokhachane le vasculitis, ntle le ho khona ho eketseha ka lebaka la kalafo ea li-estrogen kapa li-corticosteroids.

Fokotseha ka alpha-1-globulin: Ho fokotseha ho ka etsahala ka lebaka la lefu la nephrotic, lefu le matla la sebete, emphysema, cirrhosis le hepatocellular carcinoma.

Alfa-2-globulin

Karolo ea alpha-2-globulin e entsoe ka liprotheine tse tharo tse kholo: the ceruloplasmin (CER), a haptoglobin (hpt) le macroglobulin (AMG), eo boholo ba eona bo ka nyolohang ka lebaka la lits'ebetso tsa ts'oaetso le tšoaetso.

Ceruloplasmin ke protheine e hlophisitsoeng ke sebete mme e na le koporo e ngata ho eona, e e lumellang ho etsa liphetoho tse ling 'meleng. Ntle le moo, CER e bohlokoa molemong oa ho kenyelletsa tšepe ho transferrin, e leng protheine e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho tsamaisa tšepe 'meleng. Le ha e nkuoa e le protheine e matla ea sekhahla, maemo a CER a lieha ho nyoloha.

Haptoglobin e ikarabella ho tlamang hemoglobin e potolohang, ka hona, e ts'ehetsa ho senyeha ha eona le ho felisoa ha eona. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Macroglobulin ke e 'ngoe ea liprotheine tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa mali a mali' me e ikarabella bakeng sa ho laola tšebetso ea ts'oaetso le boits'ireletso ba mmele, ntle le ho tsamaisa liprotheine tse bonolo, li-peptide le ho laola tswakana ea liprotheine tsa lero la mali ke sebete.

Boleng ba referense ho electrophoresis (e ka fapana ho latela laboratori): 0.58 ho isa ho 0,92 g / dL; 7.1 ho isa ho 11.8%

Ho eketsa alpha-2-globulin: Keketseho ea liprotheine karolong ena e kanna ea supa lefu la nephrotic, lefu la Wilson, ho senyeha ha sebete, ho hasana ha li-intravascular coagulation le infarction ea bokong, ntle le ho khona ho eketseha ka lebaka la kalafo ea estrogen.

Fokotseha ka alpha-2-globulin: Ho fokotseha ha maemo a protheine ena ho ka etsahala ka lebaka la hemolytic anemias, pancreatitis le mafu a matšoafo.

Beta-1-globulin

THE phetiso ke protheine e kholo ea karoloana ea beta-1-globulin mme e ikarabella bakeng sa ho tsamaisa tšepe ho isa libakeng tse fapaneng 'meleng. Ntle le tjhelete e ka hlahlojoang ka protheine electrophoresis, khatello ea phetisetso ea mali e ka hlahlojoa tekong e tloaelehileng ea mali. Tseba tlhatlhobo ea transferrin.

Boleng ba referense ho electrophoresis (e ka fapana ho latela laboratori): 0.36 ho ea ho 0.52 g / dL; 4.9 ho isa ho 7.2%

Keketseho ea beta-1-globulin: Keketseho e etsahala maemong a khaello ea mali ea tšepe, bokhachane, lefu la nyooko, hypothyroidism le lefu la tsoekere.

Fokotseha ho beta-1-globulin: Ho fokotseha ha karoloana ena ea liprotheine ha ho joalo khafetsa, empa ho ka bonoa lits'ebetsong tse sa foleng.

Beta-2-globulin

Karolong ena ho na le liprotheine tse peli tse kholo, e leng beta-2-microglobulin (BMG) le Protheine ea C-reactive (CRP). BMG ke lets'oao la ts'ebetso ea lisele, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana lihlahala tsa lymphocytic, mohlala, ntle le ho khona ho sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa bongaka ka sepheo sa ho felehetsa mokuli oa mofets'e, ho netefatsa hore kalafo e ea sebetsa. CRP ke protheine ea bohlokoahali ho khetholla tšoaetso le ho ruruha, hobane ke eona e fetohang haholo maemong a eona.

Boleng ba referense ho electrophoresis (e ka fapana ho latela laboratori): 0,22 ho 0,45 g / dL; 3.1 ho isa ho 6.1%

Keketseho ea beta-2-globulin: Keketseho e ka etsahala maemong a mafu a amanang le li-lymphocyte, ho ruruha le tšoaetso.

Fokotseha ho beta-2-globulin: Ho fokotseha ho ka bakoa ke mathata a sebete, a thibelang ho kopana ha liprotheine tsena.

Gamma-globulin

Karolong ena ea protheine electrophoresis ho fumanoa li-immunoglobulin, e leng liprotheine tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ts'ireletso ea 'mele. Utloisisa hore na immune system e sebetsa joang.

Boleng ba referense ho electrophoresis (e ka fapana ho latela laboratori): 0.72 ho isa ho 1.27 g / dL; 11.1 ho isa ho 18.8%

Keketseho ea gamma-globulin: Keketseho ea liprotheine tsa karoloana ea gamma-globulin e hlaha ha motho a tšoaetsoa ke mafu, ho ruruha le mafu a itšireletsang mafung, joalo ka ramatiki ea ramatiki. Ho phaella moo, ho ka ba le keketseho tabeng ea lymphoma, cirrhosis le multiple myeloma.

Ho fokotseha ha gamma-globulin: Ka tloaelo, litekanyetso tsa immunoglobulin lia theoha ha ho na le khaello ea sesole sa 'mele ka lebaka la mafu a sa foleng, mohlala.