Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic

Phokolo ea mali ke boemo boo 'mele o se nang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse phetseng hantle. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li fana ka oksijene lithong tsa 'mele.

Ka tloaelo, lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li nka matsatsi a ka bang 120 'meleng. Haemolytic anemia, lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senyeha pejana ho tloaelehileng.

Hangata moko oa masapo o ikarabella bakeng sa ho etsa lisele tse khubelu tse ncha. Moko oa masapo ke lisele tse bonolo tse bohareng ba masapo tse thusang ho theha lisele tsohle tsa mali.

Phokolo ea mali ea haemolytic e hlaha ha moko oa masapo o sa etse lisele tse khubelu tse lekaneng ho nkela tse senyehang sebaka.

Ho na le lisosa tse 'maloa tse ka bakang phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li ka senngoa ka lebaka la:

• Bothata ba ho itšireletsa mafung boo sesole sa 'mele sa' mele se bonang ka phoso lisele tsa hao tse khubelu tsa mali e le lintho tse tsoang ka ntle 'me li li senye
• Liphoso tsa lefutso ka har'a lisele tse khubelu (joalo ka sekele anemia ea mali, thalassemia le khaello ea G6PD)
• Ho hlahisa lik'hemik'hale tse itseng, meriana le chefo
• Tšoaetso
• Ho koala mali ka har'a methapo ea mali e nyane
• Ho tšeloa mali ho tsoa ho mofani ka mofuta oa mali o sa lumellaneng le oa hau

Mohlomong ha u na matšoao haeba phokolo ea mali e le bonolo. Haeba bothata bo hlaha butle, matšoao a pele e ka ba:

• Ho ikutloa o fokola kapa o khathetse hangata ho feta tloaelo, kapa ka ho ikoetlisa
• Maikutlo ao pelo ea hau e otlang kapa e mathang ka lebelo
• Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho
• Mathata a ho tsepamisa mohopolo kapa ho nahana

Haeba phokolo ea mali e mpefala, matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Hlooho e bobebe ha u ema
• Letlalo le putswa
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
• Leleme le bohloko
• Spleen e atolositsoeng

Teko e bitsoang palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) e ka thusa ho fumana phokolo ea mali le ho fana ka likeletso ho mofuta le sesosa sa bothata. Likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa CBC li kenyelletsa palo e khubelu ea lisele tsa mali (RBC), hemoglobin le hematocrit (HCT).

Liteko tsena li ka supa mofuta oa haemolytic anemia:

• Palo ea "reticulocyte" ka botlalo
• Teko ea li-coombs, e tobileng le e sa tobang
• Teko ea Donath-Landsteiner
• Cold agglutinins
• Haemoglobin ea mahala serum kapa moroto
• Hemosiderin ka morong
• Palo ea liplatelete
• Protheine electrophoresis - serum
• Pyruvate kinase
• Maemo a Serum haptoglobin
• Serum LDH
• Boemo ba Carboxyhemoglobin
  

Kalafo e ipapisitse le mofuta le sesosa sa haemolytic anemia:

• Maemong a tšohanyetso, ho ka hlokahala tšelo ea mali.
• Bakeng sa lisosa tsa boits'ireletso ba mmele, meriana e hatellang sesole sa 'mele e ka sebelisoa.
• Ha lisele tsa mali li senyeha ka lebelo le leholo, 'mele o ka hloka folic acid le tšepe tse tlatselletsang ho nkela se lahlehang sebaka.

Maemong a sa tloaelehang, ho hlokahala opereishene ho ntša spleen. Lebaka ke hore spleen e sebetsa e le sefahleho se tlosang lisele tse sa tloaelehang maling.

Sephetho se latela mofuta le sesosa sa phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic. Phokolo ea mali e matla e ka mpefatsa lefu la pelo, lefu la matšoafo kapa lefu la cerebrovascular.

Bitsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u ba le matšoao a phokolo ea mali.

Khaello ea mali - hemolytic

• Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, sele ea sekele
• Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali - lisele tse ngata tsa sekele
• Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali - lisele tsa sekele
• Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali - sekele le Pappenheimer
• Lisele tsa mali

Brodsky RA. Paroxysmal bosiu hemoglobinuria. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 31.

Gallagher PG. Hemolytic anemias: lisele tse khubelu tsa lisele tsa mali le likoli tsa metabolism. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 152.

Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Mekhoa ea hematopoietic le lymphoid. Ka: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, bahlophisi. Robbins Basic Pathology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 12.