Ho hloleha ha pelo - meriana

Batho ba bangata ba nang le bofokoli ba pelo ba hloka ho noa meriana. E meng ea meriana ena e sebelisetsoa ho alafa matšoao a hau. Tse ling li ka thusa ho thibela ho hloleha ha pelo ea hau ho mpefala le ho u lumella ho phela halelele.

U tla hloka ho noa meriana e mengata ea ho hloleha ha pelo ea hau letsatsi le letsatsi. Meriana e meng e nooa hanngoe ka letsatsi. Tse ling li hloka ho nkuoa makhetlo a 2 kapa ho feta ka letsatsi. Ho bohlokoa haholo hore u noe meriana ea hau ka nako e nepahetseng le ka tsela eo ngaka ea hau e u joetseng eona.

Le ka mohla u se khaotse ho noa meriana ea pelo ea hau u sa bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele. Sena ke 'nete le ka meriana e meng eo u e nkang, joalo ka lithethefatsi tsa lefu la tsoekere, khatello e phahameng ea mali le maemo a mang a tebileng.

Mofani oa hau a ka u joetsa hore u noe meriana e itseng kapa u fetole litekanyetso tsa hau ha matšoao a hau a mpefala. U SE KE UA fetola meriana ea hau kapa litekanyetso ntle le ho bua le mofani.

Kamehla bolella mofani oa litšebeletso pele u noa meriana e mecha. Sena se kenyelletsa litlhare tse rekisoang joalo ka ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) le naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), hammoho le lithethefatsi tse kang sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), le tadalafil (Cialis).

Hape bolella mofani oa hau pele u nka mofuta leha e le ofe oa setlama kapa tlatsetso.

ACE inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) le li-ARB (angiotensin II receptor blockers) li sebetsa ka ho bula methapo ea mali le ho theola khatello ea mali. Meriana ena e ka:

• Fokotsa mosebetsi oo pelo ea hau e lokelang ho o etsa
• Thusa pompo ea mesifa ea pelo ea hau hantle
• Boloka pelo ea hau e hloleha ho mpefala

Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng tsa lithethefatsi tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Khohlela e ommeng
• Hlooho e bobebe
• Mokhathala
• Ho koata mala
• Edema
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Letšollo

Ha o noa meriana ena, o tla hloka ho etsa liteko tsa mali ho bona hore na liphio tsa hau li sebetsa hantle hakae le ho metha maemo a potasiamo ea hau.

Boholo ba nako, mofani oa hau o tla fana ka taelo ea ACE inhibitor kapa ARB. Sehlopha se secha sa lithethefatsi se bitsoang angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI's) se kopanya sethethefatsi sa ARB le mofuta o mocha oa sethethefatsi. Li-ARNI li ka sebelisoa ho phekola ho hloleha ha pelo.

Beta blockers ba fokotsa lebelo la pelo ea hau mme ba fokotsa matla ao mesifa ea pelo ea hau e sebetsang ka ona nakong e khuts'oane. Li-beta blockers tsa nako e telele li thusa ho boloka pelo ea hau e hloleha ho mpefala. Ha nako e ntse e tsamaea li ka thusa ho matlafatsa pelo ea hau.

Li-beta blockers tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisetsoang ho hloleha ha pelo li kenyelletsa carvedilol (Coreg), bisoprolol (Zebeta), le metoprolol (Toprol).

U SE KE UA emisa ho noa meriana ena ka tšohanyetso. Sena se ka eketsa kotsi ea angina esita le lefu la pelo. Litla-morao tse ling li kenyelletsa bohlooho bo bobebe, khatello ea maikutlo, mokhathala le ho lebala.

Li-diuretics li thusa 'mele oa hau ho felisa mokelikeli o mong. Mefuta e meng ea diuretics le eona e ka thusa ka litsela tse ling. Meriana ena hangata e bitsoa "lipilisi tsa metsi." Ho na le lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa "diuretics". Tse ling li nkuoa hang ka letsatsi. Tse ling li nkuoa makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Mefuta e tloaelehileng haholo ke:

• Thiazides. Chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Hygroton), indapamide (Lozol), hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, HydroDiuril), le metolazone (Mykrox, Zaroxolyn)
• Liuretics tsa mothapo. Bumetanide (Bumex), furosemide (Lasix), le torasemide (Demadex)
• Likarolo tsa polokelo ea potasiamo. Amiloride (Midamor), spironolactone (Aldactone), le triamterene (Dyrenium)

Ha o noa meriana ena, o tla hloka liteko tsa mali khafetsa ho bona hore na liphio tsa hau li sebetsa hantle hakae le ho metha maemo a potasiamo ea hau.

Batho ba bangata ba nang le lefu la pelo ba nka aspirin kapa clopidogrel (Plavix). Lithethefatsi tsena li thusa ho thibela maqeba a mali ho hlaha methapong ea hau. Sena se ka fokotsa menyetla ea ho tšoaroa ke stroke kapa lefu la pelo.

Coumadin (Warfarin) e kgothaletswa bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le bofokoli ba pelo ba nang le kotsi e kholo ea mali.O tla hloka ho ba le liteko tse eketsehileng tsa mali ho netefatsa hore lethal dose e nepahetse. U kanna ua hloka ho etsa liphetoho lijong tsa hau.

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisoang khafetsa bakeng sa ho hloleha ha pelo li kenyelletsa:

• Digoxin ho thusa ho eketsa matla a pelo a ho pompa le ho fokotsa lebelo la pelo.
• Hydralazine le nitrate ho bula methapo le ho thusa pompo ea mesifa ea pelo hamolemo. Meriana ena e sebelisoa haholo ke bakuli ba sitoang ho mamella li-inhibitors tsa ACE le li-block blockers tsa angiotensin.
• Li-calcium channel blockers ho laola khatello ea mali kapa angina (bohloko ba sefuba) ho tsoa ho lefu la methapo ea mali (CAD).

Ho sebelisoa li-Statin le lithethefatsi tse ling tse theolang k'holeseterole ha ho hlokahala.

Meriana ea antiarrhythmic ka linako tse ling e sebelisoa ke bakuli ba sa sebetseng ka pelo ba nang le morethetho oa pelo o sa tloaelehang. E 'ngoe ea lithethefatsi tse joalo ke amiodarone.

Moriana o mocha, Ivabradine (Corlanor), o sebetsa ho theola lebelo la pelo mme o ka thusa batho ba nang le bofokoli ba pelo ka ho fokotsa boima ba mosebetsi oa lipelo.

CHF - meriana; Ho hloleha hoa pelo - meriana; Lefu la pelo - meriana; HF - meriana

Tsela ea Mann DL. Tsamaiso ea bakuli ba nang le bofokoli ba pelo ba nang le karoloana ea ejection e fokotsehileng. Ka: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Lefu la pelo la Braunwald: Buka ea bongaka ea meriana ea pelo. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2019: khaolo ea 25.

Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, le al. Tlhatlhobo ea ACC / AHA / HFSA ea 2017 e shebaneng le tlhaiso-leseling ea tataiso ea ACCF / AHA ea 2013 bakeng sa taolo ea ho hloleha ha pelo: tlaleho ea American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force mabapi le Tataiso ea Tloaelo ea Kliniki le Mokhatlo oa Pelo e Hlolehileng oa Amerika. J Ho Hloleha ha Cardiac. 2017; 23 (8): 628-651. PMID: 28461259 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28461259.

Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, le al. Tataiso ea 2013 ea ACCF / AHA bakeng sa taolo ea ho hloleha ha pelo: tlaleho ea American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force mabapi le Litataiso tsa Tloaelo. Tsamaiso. 2013; 128 (16): e240-e327. PMID: 23741058 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23741058.

• Ho Hloleha ha Pelo