Stroke - ho tsoa

O ne o le sepetlele kamora ho ba le seterouku. Stroke e etsahala ha phallo ea mali e ea karolong e itseng ea boko e emisa.

Ha u le lapeng latela litaelo tsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo mabapi le ho itlhokomela. Sebelisa lintlha tse ka tlase e le khopotso.

Pele, u fumane kalafo ho thibela tšenyo e ngoe bokong, le ho thusa pelo, matšoafo le litho tse ling tsa bohlokoa ho fola.

Kamora hore o tsitse, lingaka li ile tsa etsa liteko 'me tsa qala kalafo ho u thusa ho fola leqeba le ho thibela stroke se tlang. Mohlomong u kile oa lula setsing se ikhethileng se thusang batho ho hlaphoheloa kamora stroke.

Ka lebaka la kotsi e ka bang teng bokong ka lebaka la stroke, u ka hlokomela mathata ka:

• Liphetoho boitšoarong
• Ho etsa mesebetsi e bonolo
• Khopotso
• Ho tsamaisa lehlakore le leng la mmele
• Ho phatloha ha mesifa
• Ho ela hloko
• Ho utloa kapa ho lemoha setho se seng sa mmele
• Ho koenya
• Ho bua kapa ho utloisisa ba bang
• Ho nahana
• Ho bona ka lehlakoreng le leng (hemianopia)

U kanna oa hloka thuso ka mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi eo u neng u tloaetse ho e etsa u le mong pele ho stroke.

Ho tepella maikutlong kamora stroke ho atile haholo ha o ntse o ithuta ho phela le liphetoho. E kanna ea hlaha kapele kamora ho otloa ke stroke kapa ho fihlela lilemo tse 2 kamora ho otloa ke pelo.

U se ke ua khanna koloi ea hau ntle le tumello ea ngaka ea hau.

Ho tsamaea le ho etsa mesebetsi e tloaelehileng ho ka ba thata kamora ho tšoaroa ke stroke.

Etsa bonnete ba hore lehae la hau le sireletsehile. Botsa ngaka ea hau, setsebi sa bongaka kapa mooki mabapi le ho etsa liphetoho lapeng la hau ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho etsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi.

Fumana hore na u ka etsa eng ho thibela ho oa le ho boloka ntloana ea hau ea ho hlapela e bolokehile hore e ka sebelisoa.

Ba lelapa le bahlokomeli ba kanna ba hloka ho thusa ka:

• Ho ikoetlisa ho boloka litsoeng, mahetla le manonyeletso a mang a lokolohile
• Ho shebella ho tiisa hammoho (likonteraka)
• Ho etsa bonnete ba hore likhahla li sebelisoa ka tsela e nepahetseng
• Ho etsa bonnete ba hore matsoho le maoto a maemong a matle ha o lutse kapa o bua leshano

Haeba uena kapa moratuoa oa hau u sebelisa setulo sa likooa, maeto a latelang ho etsa bonnete ba hore e lekana hantle ho bohlokoa ho thibela lisosa tsa letlalo.

• Lekola letsatsi le leng le le leng hore na o na le liso tsa khatello lirethe, maqaqailaneng, mangoleng, lethekeng, mohatleng le litsoeng.
• Fetola maemo setulong sa likooa makhetlo a 'maloa ka hora motšehare ho thibela liso tsa khatello.
• Haeba u na le bothata ba ho itšehla thajana, ithute hore na ho hobe le ho feta ke eng. Uena kapa mohlokomeli oa hau le ka ithuta ho ikoetlisa ho boloka mesifa ea hau e lahleha.
• Ithute ho thibela liso tsa khatello.

Malebela a ho etsa liaparo ho be bonolo le ho li hlobola ke:

• Velcro e bonolo haholo ho feta li-buttons le zippers. Li-buttons tsohle le li-zipper li lokela ho ba ka pele ho karolo ea seaparo.
• Sebelisa liaparo tsa pullover le lieta tse thellang.

Batho ba nang le stroke ba ka ba le mathata a puo kapa a puo. Malebela bakeng sa ba lelapa le bahlokomeli ho ntlafatsa puisano a kenyelletsa:

• Boloka litšitiso le lerata fatše. Boloka lentsoe la hau le theohe. E-ea kamoreng e khutsitseng. Se ke oa hoeletsa.
• Fa motho nako e ngata ea ho araba lipotso le ho utloisisa litaelo. Kamora 'stroke, ho nka nako e telele ho sebetsana le se boletsoeng.
• Sebelisa mantsoe le lipolelo tse bonolo, bua butle. Botsa lipotso ka tsela e ka arabeloang ka e kapa che. Ha ho khoneha, fana ka likhetho tse hlakileng. Se ke oa fana ka likhetho tse ngata haholo.
• Arola litaelo ka mehato e menyenyane le e bonolo.
• Pheta ha ho hlokahala. Sebelisa mabitso le libaka tse tloaelehileng. Phatlalatsa hore na u tlo fetola taba neng.
• Sheba motho pele u mo ama kapa u bua ha ho khoneha.
• Sebelisa lisebelisoa kapa litlhahiso tsa pono ha ho khonahala. Se ke oa fana ka likhetho tse ngata haholo. U kanna ua sebelisa ho supa kapa ho supa ka matsoho kapa litšoantšo. Sebelisa sesebelisoa sa elektroniki, joalo ka komporo ea selefouno kapa selefouno, ho bontša litšoantšo ho thusa puisanong.

Metsing e thusang mala ho sebetsa hantle e ka senyeha kamora ho otloa ke seterouku. E-ba le kemiso. Hang ha u fumana tloaelo ea malapa e sebetsang, e khomarele:

• Khetha nako e tloaelehileng, joalo ka kamora ho ja kapa ho hlapa ka mofuthu, ho leka ho tsamaisa mala.
• E-ba le mamello. Ho ka nka metsotso e 15 ho isa ho e 45 ho tsukutleha mala.
• Leka ho silila mpa ka bonolo ho thusa setuloana hore se tsamaee ka har'a colon ea hau.

Qoba ho patoa:

• Noa maro a mangata.
• Lula u le mafolofolo kapa u be mafolofolo ka hohle kamoo u ka khonang.
• Ja lijo tse nang le fiber e ngata.

Botsa mofani oa hau ka meriana eo u e sebelisang e ka bakang ho patoa (joalo ka meriana ea khatello ea maikutlo, bohloko, taolo ea senya le mesifa).

Tlatsa litaelo tsa hau kaofela pele u khutlela hae. Ho bohlokoa haholo hore u noe meriana ea hau ka tsela eo mofani oa hau a u joetsitseng eona. Se ke oa nka lithethefatsi tse ling, li-supplement, livithamini kapa litlama ntle le ho botsa mofani oa hau ka tsona pele.

U ka fuoa e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tsa meriana e latelang. Tsena li reretsoe ho laola khatello ea mali kapa k'holeseterole, le ho boloka mali a hao hore a se ke a hoama. Li ka thusa ho thibela stroke se seng:

• Meriana ea li-antiplatelet (aspirin kapa clopidogrel) e thusa ho boloka mali a hao hore a se ke a hoama.
• Beta blockers, diuretics (lipilisi tsa metsi), le meriana ea ACE inhibitor e laola khatello ea mali le ho sireletsa pelo ea hau.
• Lipolelo li theola k'holeseterole ea hau.
• Haeba u na le lefu la tsoekere, laola tsoekere ea hao ea mali boemong boo mofani oa hau a bo khothalletsang.

Se ke oa emisa ho noa efe kapa efe ea meriana ena.

Haeba o noa mali a tšesaane joalo ka warfarin (Coumadin), o kanna oa hloka ho etsoa liteko tse ling tsa mali.

Haeba u na le bothata ba ho koenya, u tlameha ho ithuta ho ja lijo tse khethehileng tse etsang hore ho ja ho bolokehe. Matšoao a ho metsa mathata a bipetsa kapa a hohlola ha o ja. Ithute malebela a ho etsa hore ho fepa le ho metsa ho be bonolo hape ho bolokehe.

Qoba lijo tse letsoai le tse mafura 'me u lule hole le lireschorente tsa lijo tse potlakileng ho etsa hore methapo ea pelo le methapo ea mali e phele hantle.

Fokotsa hore na u noa joala bo bokae ha u noa seno se le seng ka letsatsi haeba u mosali le lino tse 2 ka letsatsi haeba u monna. Botsa mofani oa hau hore na ho lokile hore u noe joala.

Tsoela pele ho tseba liente tsa hau. Fumana mafu a feberu selemo se seng le se seng. Botsa ngaka ea hau haeba u hloka pneumonia.

Se ke oa tsuba. Botsa mofani oa hau thuso ea ho tlohela ha o hloka. Se ke oa lumella mang kapa mang ho tsuba ka tlung ea hau.

Leka ho qoba maemo a sithabetsang. Haeba u ikutloa u imetsoe kelellong ka linako tsohle kapa u hloname haholo, bua le mofani oa thepa ea hau.

Haeba ka linako tse ling u ikutloa u hloname kapa u sithabetse maikutlo, bua le ba lelapa kapa metsoalle ka sena. Botsa mofani oa hau mabapi le ho batla thuso ea litsebi.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u na le:

• Mathata a ho nka lithethefatsi bakeng sa mesifa ea mesifa
• Mathata a ho tsamaisa manonyeletso (tumellano e kopaneng)
• Mathata a ho itsamaela kapa ho tsoha betheng kapa setulong sa hau
• Liso tsa letlalo kapa bofubelu
• Bohloko bo ntseng bo mpefala
• Ho oa ha morao-rao
• Ho bipetsa kapa ho hohlola ha o ja
• Matšoao a tšoaetso ea senya (feberu, ho chesa ha u ntša metsi, kapa ho ntša metsi khafetsa)

Letsetsa 911 kapa nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae haeba matšoao a latelang a hlaha ka tšohanyetso kapa a le macha:

• Ho ba lerootho kapa bofokoli ba sefahleho, letsoho, kapa leoto
• Ho fifala kapa ho fokotsa pono
• Ha a khone ho bua kapa ho utloisisa
• Botsoa, ​​ho lahleheloa ke botsitso, kapa ho oa
• Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho e bohloko

Lefu la masapo - ho tsoa; CVA - ho tsoa; Infarction ea boko - ho ntša metsi; Ho tsoa mali bokong - ho tsoa; Leqeba la Ischemic - ho tsoa; Leqeba - ischemic - tjhajoloha; Leqeba la bobeli ho ea ho fibrillation ea atrial - ho tsoa; Lefu la pelo - ho tsoa; Ho tsoa mali bokong - ho tsoa; Ho tsoa mali bokong - ho tsoa; Leqeba - hemorrhagic - lero; Lefu la hemorrhagic cerebrovascular - ho tsoa; Kotsi ea methapo ea mali - ho tsoa

• Ho tsoa mali ho Intracerebral

Dobkin BH. Ho hlaphoheloa le ho hlaphoheloa ha mokuli ka seterouku. Ka: Grotta JC, Albers GW, Broderick JP, et al, eds. Leqeba: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis le Management. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 58.

Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, HR e Mnyama, et al. Litaelo tsa thibelo ea setorouku ho bakuli ba nang le lefu la ho hlaseloa ke lefu la stroke le la nakoana: tataiso bakeng sa litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ho tsoa ho American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Leqeba. 2014; 45 (7): 2160-2236. PMID: 24788967 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24788967/.

Mekhatlo ea Naha ea Bophelo. Setsi sa Naha sa Mathata a Neurological le webosaete ea Stroke. Leqephe la lintlha tsa tokiso kamora ho otloa ke lefu. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Post-Stroke-Rehabilitation-Fact-Sheet. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 13 Motšeanong 2020. E fihlile ka la 5 Pulungoana.

Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, le al. Litaelo tsa ho hlaphoheloa le ho hlaphoheloa ha batho ba baholo: setataiso sa litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ba American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Leqeba. 2016; 47 (6): e98-e169. PMID: 27145936 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27145936/.

• Ho lokisa aneurysm ea boko
• Ho buuoa ka boko
• Ho buuoa ka methapo ea Carotid - ho bulehile
• Likhahla tse phahameng tsa k'holeseterole ea mali
• Ho fola kamora ho otloa ke seterouku
• Leqeba
• Malebela mabapi le ho khaotsa ho tsuba
• Tlhaselo ea nakoana ea ischemic

• ACE inhibitors
• Lithethefatsi tsa antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• Aspirin le lefu la pelo
• Polokeho ea ho hlapela batho ba baholo
• Ho buuoa ka bongoa - ho tsoa
• Botoro, majarine le oli ea ho pheha
• Ho hlokomela mesifa ea ho hahaba kapa ho kobeha
• Cholesterol le mokhoa oa bophelo
• Cholesterol - kalafo ea lithethefatsi
• Ho buisana le motho ea nang le aphasia
• Ho buisana le motho ea nang le dysarthria
• Ho patoa - ho itlhokomela
• Ho patoa - seo u lokelang ho se botsa ngaka ea hau
• Ho laola khatello ea mali e phahameng
• Lenaneo la ka mehla la tlhokomelo ea mala
• Dementia le ho khanna
• Dementia - boitšoaro le mathata a boroko
• Dementia - tlhokomelo ea letsatsi le letsatsi
• Dementia - ho ipoloka o bolokehile ka lapeng
• Dementia - seo u lokelang ho se botsa ngaka ea hau
• Ho hlalositsoe mafura a phepo
• Malebela a lijo tse potlakileng
• Gastrostomy e fepa tube - bolus
• Jejunostomy tube ea ho fepa
• Boikoetliso ba Kegel - ho itlhokomela
• Lijo tse nang le letsoai le tlase
• Lijo tsa Mediterranean
• Liso tsa khatello - u ka botsa ngaka ea hau eng
• Ho thibela ho oa
• Ho thibela ho oa - seo u ka se botsang ngaka ea hau
• Ho thibela liso tsa khatello
• Self catheterization - mosali
• Self catheterization - e motona
• Tlhokomelo ea catheter ea Suprapubic
• Ho metsa mathata
• Mekotla ea ho ntša metsi
• Ha o na le ho se its'oare ha metsi

• Leqeba le tšollang mali
• Leqeba la Ischemic
• Leqeba